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12-weeks, 3-days-a week, supervised aerobic (Nordic walking or Walking) physical exercise (PhE) protocol; duration of each PhE session: 70 minutes; rate of perceived exertion (RPE): 10-11 (1st-4th week); 12-13 (5th-8th week); 13-14 (9th-12th week).

12-weeks, 2.3-days-a week (total of 28 lessons), supervised resistance physical exercise (PhE) protocol; duration of each PhE session: 50 minutes.

Physical exercise

Francesco Bianco, MD, PhD

Valentina Bucciarelli, MD, PhD

To examine the effects of different physical exercise protocols (aerobic training and resistance training) on cardio-vascular efficiency and quality of life in a population of breast cancer survivors (BCS), not treated with chemotherapy.

The present study enrolled a population of BCS women who underwent surgical treatment for breast cancer at the "Ospedale G. Bernabeo" of Ortona, Chieti, Italy. The participants were randomized to the following physical exercise protocols: aerobic training, walking or Nordic walking; resistance training.

All the participants have been examined utilizing transthoracic echocardiography, carotid ultrasound and photo-plethysmographic method for the analysis of arterial stiffness, before and after the physical exercise protocol (T0-T1). The two-dimensional speckle-tracking analysis was performed with an offline, dedicated software from the apical 4-chambers-view. Moreover, ventricular-arterial coupling, epicardial fat thickness and intima-media thickness were also analyzed.

Quality of life was assessed using SF-36 score at T0, T1 and at a mean follow-up of 34 months. Moreover, at follow-up, we evaluated spontaneous physical activity and cardiovascular quality of life using IPAQ and SAQ-7 scores.

Effects of Physical Exercise on Cardio-vascular Efficiency and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors

The Impact of Different Physical Exercise Protocols on Cardio-vascular Efficiency and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors

A composite of the improvement in the following parameters, from pre-treatment values: global longitudinal strain analysis, as assessed by speckle-traking echocardiography; ventricular-arterial coupling, as assessed by echocardiographic single beat method; arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity, augmentation index), as assessed by photoplethysmographic method

A reduction in epicardial fat thickness evaluated with echocardiographic method

A reduction in epicardial fat thickness evaluated with ultrasonographic method

An improvement of quality of life, from pre-treatment values, evaluated with the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (minimum value: 0, associated with the worst quality of life; maximum value: 100, associated with the best quality of life)

An improvement of spontaneous physical activity evaluated with International Physical Activity Questionnaire score (0-700 MET: low level of physical activity; 700-2519 MET: intermediate level of physical activity; \> 2520 MET: high level of physical activity)

An improvement of quality of life evaluated with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire-7 score (minimum value: 0, associated with more symptoms and with the worst quality of life; maximum value: 100, associated with fewer symptoms and with the best quality of life) where higher scores indicate fewer symptoms and higher health-related quality of life

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization	Link
Effects of Physical Exercise on Cardio-vascular Efficiency and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors	NCT04337736	Breast Cancer F...	Physical exerci...	- 65 Years	ITAB - Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies
Effects of Physical Exercise on Cardio-vascular Efficiency and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors	NCT04337736	Breast Cancer F...	Physical exerci...	- 65 Years	ITAB - Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for adherence to physical exercise