Symptoms and General Pathology

All Conditions

Neoplasms

Recurrence

Adenoma

Polyps

Disease Attributes

Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial

Neoplasms by Histologic Type

Subjects with known colorectal adenomas at the index colonoscopy

A panel of four bacterial gene markers (Fn, m3, Ch and Bc)

Min Dai

Connie Seto

The investigators aim to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FIT and the novel panel of four bacterial gene markers collectively named as M3, to detect recurrent advanced adenomas in patients with history of colonic adenomas.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer in Hong Kong with more than 5,600 new cases annually. There is prevailing evidence of increasing trend of young onset CRC globally. Early detection and endoscopic resection of pre-malignant colonic adenomas has shown to reduce CRC-related mortality.

After the index colonoscopy, a surveillance colonoscopy will be required at regular intervals, depending on the number, size and histology of colonic polyps. Studies have reported the use of faecal immunochemical test (FIT) to reduce the burden on surveillance endoscopy service. However, approximately 30-40% of interval CRC and 40-70% of advanced adenomas (AA) could be missed by this strategy. The major limitation of this widely used non-invasive stool test is its unsatisfactory sensitivities for CRC (79%) and AA (40%). The sensitivity for non-advanced adenomas is even lower than 10%. A large proportion of advanced and non-advanced adenomas will be missed by FIT alone. Therefore, identification of alternative non-invasive test with better sensitivity to detect colonic adenomas is warranted.

Multitarget stool DNA test and faecal microbial DNA markers appear to be the most promising stool-based diagnostic biomarkers for screening CRC. Several bacterial gene markers have been identified by metagenome sequencing and reported to be associated with CRC, including Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Clostridium hathewayi (Ch) and Bacteroides clarus (Bc). However, these molecular markers had low accuracy in distinguishing adenomas from normal tissue. Recently, a new Lachnoclostridium gene marker (labelled as 'm3') has been shown to have high diagnostic yield for the detection of colorectal adenomas. In a case-control study of 1012 subjects, a linear increasing trend of m3 level was observed from fecal samples of healthy subjects to those with adenomas and cancers. The overall sensitivity of m3 was significantly higher than FIT in detecting all adenomas (48% vs 9.3%), AA (50.8% vs 16.1%) and non-advanced adenomas (44.2% vs 0%). The diagnostic accuracy of m3 could be further enhanced by combining with a panel of fecal microbial markers composing of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Bacteroides clarus (Bc), Clostridium hathewayi (Ch) for CRC (82.3%) and adenomas (64.2%). The combination of these 4 bacterial gene markers (known as M3) has recently been proven to be useful in detecting adenoma recurrence after polypectomy in a retrospective study. The hypothesis is that it would be effective in the detection of recurrent advanced adenomas.

This prospective cohort study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FIT and the novel panel of four bacterial gene markers (Fn, m3, Ch and Bc) collectively named as M3, to detect recurrent advanced adenomas in patients with history of colonic adenomas.

Diagnostic Accuracy of M3 in Predicting Colorectal Advanced Adenoma Recurrence (M3-AA)

A Prospective Study to Assess the Diagnostic Accuracy of a Panel of Bacterial Gene Markers (M3) in Predicting Colorectal Advanced Adenoma Recurrence

There is no plan to share individual participant data to other researchers

The proportion of subjects with true positive results of either M3 or FIT among those with one of more advanced adenomas detected during the surveillance colonoscopy examination at year 3

The proportion of subjects with true positive results of either M3 or FIT among those with one of more advanced adenomas detected at year 3 colonoscopy

The proportion of subjects with true positive results of either M3 or FIT among those with non-advanced adenomas detected at year 3 colonoscopy

The proportion of subjects with true positive results of either M3 or FIT among those with all adenomas detected at year 3 colonoscopy

Proportion of true negative results of M3/FIT among those with no adenoma detected in colonoscopy (year 3)

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for bacterial marker