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Cola

Standard Endoscopic Mucosal Resection, if necessary, multi-piece to resect large nonpedunculated homogeneous colorectal lesions (\>20 mm)

Cold Snare Endoscopic Mucosal Resection, if necessary, multi-piece to resect large nonpedunculated homogeneous colorectal lesions (\>20 mm)

Use of injected colloidal or saline solution to raise a lesion prior to polypectomy snare closed over a polyp with electrocautery

Standard Endoscopic Mucosal Resection

Use of injected colloidal or saline solution to raise a lesion prior to polypectomy snare closed over a polyp without electrocautery

Cold Snare Endoscopic Mucosal Resection

Oscar Nogales

This study compares the effectiveness in complete resection (absence of recurrence at 6 months) the two different techniques for performing endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of nonpedunculated homogeneous colorectal lesions \>20mm

Colonoscopy is the reference diagnostic test for the study of colon diseases. This procedure also allows the realization of endoscopic therapeutics techniques; thus, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an effective and safe therapy for the treatment of premalignant and early malignant colorectal lesions of the colon and its use is universal.

Usually, colon lesions larger than 10 mm (or pedunculated of any size) require for resection the use of electrocoagulation current (or hot snare polypectomy) and thus is reflected in the most recent clinical practice guidelines (ESGE guidelines, for example). However, the risk of side adverse effects from the use of electrocoagulation is not insignificant and includes post-polypectomy bleeding, post-polypectomy syndrome, post-polypectomy fever and/or immediate or delayed perforation. This risk of complications is higher depending on the characteristics and size of colorectal lesions resected.

On the other hand, currently in small lesions not pedunculated (\< 10 mm), it is recommended to use cold snare polypectomy according to ESGE clinical guidelines, as it has been seen in previous studies that this reduces complication rates without varying the effectiveness in resection.

However, in lesions \> 10 mm the previous experience with cold snare resection is less, probably motivated by the possible drawbacks in terms of the possible difficulty of resection of thick tissue with cold snare and a possible increased intra-procedure hemorrhagic risk that can make it difficult to see the scar, with the possibility of leaving residual tissue.

However, in recent years the accumulated evidence gathered in various studies and grouped in a recent systematic review suggests that endoscopic mucosal resection with cold snare (Cold-EMR) may be safer than electrocoagulation resection for both 10-19mm lesions and for lesions \>20 mm, associated with a lower rate of adverse effects with similar efficacy rates in terms of complete resection and adenomatous recurrence rate. Still, evidence for the treatment of nonpedunculated lesions \>20 mm is relatively limited and is not based on randomized comparative studies with the standard EMR technique.

Prospective randomized study (1:1), multicenter, non-blind of consecutive non-pedunculated lesions of serrated and adenomatous histology, homogeneous, with a size greater than or equal to 20 mm (no upper limit in size). Performing cold-EMR vs standard EMR. A non-inferiority study of cold-EMR versus standard EMR.

Cold EMR Vs Standard EMR for the Treatment of Large Nonpedunculated Homogeneous Colorectal Lesions

Cold EMR Vs Standard EMR for the Treatment of Large Nonpedunculated Homogeneous Colorectal Lesions.Randomized and Multicentric Clinical Trial

Complete resection of the lesion is defined as the non-visualization by the endoscopist of a residual lesion in the mucosal defect and its edge at the end of the EMR and no visualization of recurrence in the post-EMR scar on the first surveillance colonoscopy and absence of recurrence data in scar biopsies

Security profile is defined as the observed percentage of complications (Intra-procedure bleeding, deferred bleeding, deferred bleeding in antiplatelet and/or anticoagulated patients,post-polypectomy fever, post-polypectomy syndrome, deep muscle damage and perforation) in each of the evaluated techniques.

Late adenoma recurrence rate as determined by endoscopic assessment (no visible recurrent adenoma) and histological assessment (scar biopsies) in surveillance colonoscopy at 18 months of the procedure

Number of fragments needed to resect with polypectomy snare to complete the resection of the colorectal lesion.

Time needed to perform endoscopic mucosal resection measured from first snare positioning until complete resection is achieved based on endoscopic assessment.

Number of lesions that have undergone resection in a single fragment with each of these evaluated techniques.

Number of lesions with complete macroscopic resection with a negative microscopic margin in the mucosectomy specimen

Number of lesions to be finally resected with the other arm of study technique not initially assigned

Number of lesions that cannot be completely resected with the assigned EMR technique, requiring different techniques to complete the resection, such as SOFT coagulation with snare tip, APC (argon plasma coagulation), hot avulsion with hot biopsy forceps, biopsy forceps, biopsy forceps +ablation

Number of clip used for hemostatic purposes or for the prophylactic closure of the injury

Subjective impression of the artifact in the histological interpretation of the resected sample (null, moderate, severe)

Measure the depth of the resected submucosa layer (in microns) with each of the resection techniques used

Assess the percentage of presence of mucosal muscle in biopsies performed on the protrusions present in the resection defect of cold-EMR

Number of lesions that have to be finally resected by surgery due to technical impossibility for their endoscopic resection.

evaluate the cost-effectiveness of each of the endoscopic mucosal resection techniques

A subanalysis of the study results by center will be carried out to rule out significant differences between them

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization
Cold EMR Vs Standard EMR for the Treatment of Large Nonpedunculated Homogeneous Colorectal Lesions	NCT04418843	Adenoma Colon Serrated Polyp Serrated Adenom... Colorectal Neop...	Standard Endosc... Cold Snare Endo...	18 Years -	Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon
Cold EMR Vs Standard EMR for the Treatment of Large Nonpedunculated Homogeneous Colorectal Lesions	NCT04418843	Adenoma Colon Serrated Polyp Serrated Adenom... Colorectal Neop...	Standard Endosc... Cold Snare Endo...	18 Years -	Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon
Cold EMR Vs Standard EMR for the Treatment of Large Nonpedunculated Homogeneous Colorectal Lesions	NCT04418843	Adenoma Colon Serrated Polyp Serrated Adenom... Colorectal Neop...	Standard Endosc... Cold Snare Endo...	18 Years -	Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for laterally spreading adenomas.