Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for Antithymocyte Globulin and Cyclosporine in Preventing Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy With or Without Radiation Therapy Followed By Donor Stem Cell Transplant for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Study Description

Brief Summary: RATIONALE: Giving chemotherapy and total-body irradiation before a donor bone marrow transplant or peripheral blood stem cell transplant helps stop the growth of cancer cells. It also helps stop the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's stem cells. When the healthy stem cells from a donor are infused into the patient they may help the patient's bone marrow make stem cells, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Sometimes the transplanted cells from a donor can make an immune response against the body's normal cells. Giving antithymocyte globulin before transplant and cyclosporine after transplant may stop this from happening. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying how well giving antithymocyte globulin together with cyclosporine works in preventing graft-versus-host disease in patients who are undergoing chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy followed by donor stem cell transplant for acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia.

Detailed Description: OBJECTIVES: Primary * Compare the incidence of acute graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) within the first 100 days after transplantation in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia treated with a myeloablative conditioning regimen comprising cyclophosphamide (with or without radiotherapy) and low- vs high-dose anti-thymocyte globulin followed by allogeneic HLA-matched related stem cell transplantation and cyclosporine. * Compare the incidence of serious adverse events within the first 100 days after transplantation in patients treated with these regimens. Secondary * Compare 100-day and 6-month survival in patients treated with these regimens. * Compare the severity of acute GVHD in patients treated with these regimens. * Compare the incidence of culture-proven infections at 100 days and 6 months after transplantation in patients treated with these regimens. * Compare the incidence of mucositis, in terms of presence, severity, and duration, in patients treated with these regimens. * Compare the number of days on opiate drugs within the first 30 days after transplantation in patients treated with these regimens. * Compare the time to engraftment in patients treated with these regimens. * Compare the incidence of hospitalization within the first 6 months after transplantation, in terms of length of initial stay, cumulative total days, and number of hospitalizations, in patients treated with these regimens. * Compare the relapse rate and time to relapse in patients treated with these regimens. * Compare the incidence and severity of chronic GVHD between 100 days and 6 months after transplantation in patients treated with these regimens. OUTLINE: This is a pilot, randomized, open-label, multicenter study. * Conditioning: All patients receive a standard myeloablative-conditioning regimen that contains cyclophosphamide IV over 2 hours per center regimen, typically on days -6 to -3. Patients also undergo total body irradiation OR receive busulfan. * Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis (as part of conditioning): Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. * Arm I: Patients receive low-dose anti-thymocyte globulin IV over 4-8 hours on days -3 to -1. * Arm II: Patients receive high-dose anti-thymocyte globulin IV over 4-8 hours on days -5 to -1. * Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Patients in both arms undergo allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell or bone marrow transplantation on day 0. * Post-transplantation GVHD prophylaxis: Patients in both arms receive cyclosporine IV over 1-4 hours or orally twice daily beginning on day -1 and continuing until approximately day 60 followed by tapering doses until day 180 in the absence of GVHD. Patients are followed at 7, 14, 21, 30, 100, and 180 days. PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 30-60 patients (15-30 per treatment arm) will be accrued for this study.

Keywords

Eligibility

Minimum Age: 18 Years

Eligible Ages: ADULT

Sex: ALL

Healthy Volunteers: No

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