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Temozolomide

Valproic Acid

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E.g. Valproat-neuraxpharm®, Valproat-neuraxpharm® Lösung, Ergenyl®, Ergenyl®-Lösung oder Orfiril® Saft (Valproic acid), \[10 mg/kg/d\] tablet oder juice, p.o., every day in parallel to simultaneous radiochemotherapy with cytostatic drug Temodal (Temozolomid): \[75 mg/m2/d\] during simultaneous radiochemotherapy (7 days a week, max. 49 days); \[150-200 mg/m2/d\] during consolidation therapy (for 5 days every 28 days, 12 cycles), tablets, p.o. (or powder for preparation of an intravenously applicable solution).

Valproic acid additionally to simultaneous radiochemotherapy with temozolomide

Temozolomide + Valproic Acid

Christof Kramm, Prof., MD

Udo Kontny, Prof. Dr.

Michael Frühwald, Prof.

Pablo Hernaiz-Driever, PD Dr.

Patrick Hundsdörfer, PD Dr.

Norbert Jorch, Dr.

Gabriele Calaminus, Dr.

Torsten Ebeling, Dr.

Arnulf Pekrun, Prof.

Georg Schwabe, PD Dr.

Dominik Schneider, Prof. Dr.

Ralf Knöfler, Prof. Dr.

Tanja Höll, Dr.

Axel Sauerbrey, Prof. Dr.

Markus Metzler, Prof.

Regina Wieland, Dr.

Martina Becker, Dr.

Charlotte Niemeyer, Prof.

Christine Mauz-Körholz, Prof. Dr.

Holger Lode, Prof.

Christof Kramm, Prof.

Toralf Bernig, Dr.

Uwe Kordes, Dr.

Annette Sander, Dr.

Olaf Witt, Prof. Dr.

Monika Streiter

Alfred Längler, Prof. Dr.

Norbert Graf, Prof.

Bernd Gruhn, Prof. Dr.

Alfred Leipold, Dr.

Michaela Nathrath, Prof.

Alexander Claviez, PD Dr.

Ümmügül Behr, Dr.

Thomas Imschweiler

Stefan Balzer, Dr.

Lars Fischer, Dr.

Thorsten Langer, Prof. Dr.

Antje Redlich, Dr.

Jörg Faber, Prof. Dr.

Matthias Dürken, PD Dr.

Bernhard Erdlenbruch, Prof.

Irene Teichert-von-Lüttichau, PD Dr.

Ronald Sträter, PD Dr.

Hermann Müller, Prof.

Marcus Jakob, Dr.

Harald Reinhard, PD Dr.

Aram Prokop, Dr. Dr.

Claudia Blattmann, PD Dr.

Martin Ebinger, PD Dr.

Klaus-Michael Debatin, Prof. Dr.

Matthias Eyrich, Prof. Dr.

The HIT-HGG-2013 trial offers an innovative high-quality diagnostics and science program for children and adolescents \>3 years, suffering from one of the following types of high grade gliomas:

1. glioblastoma WHO grade IV (GBM)
2. diffuse midlineglioma histone 3 K27M mutated WHO grade IV (DMG)
3. anaplastic astrocytoma WHO grade III (AA)
4. diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG)
5. gliomatosis cerebri (GC) For 1.-3. diagnosis has to be confirmed by neuropathological survey, for 4. and 5. diagnosis has to be confirmed by neuroradiological survey.

In addition to standard treatment (radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy) the effect of valproic acid which is traditionally used for treatment of seizure disorder, will be investigated. The aim of the trial will be to investigate whether this drug may increase the effects of radio- and chemotherapy, resulting in a better survival of the treated patients. Scientific studies provided evidence for anti-tumoral effects of valproic acid: the drug seems to be a so-called histondeacetylase inhibitor (HDAC inhibitor), controlling important genetic processes of tumor growth.

Studies in cell culture, animals and first clinical trials in adults as well provided evidence for efficacy of valproic acid in the treatment of glioblastoma. Due to this we hope children and adolescents suffering from GBM, DMG, AA, DIPG und GC will benefit from the treatment, too.

The aim of the HIT-HGG-2013 trial will be to compare the effects of Valproic acid with data of the HIT-HGG-2007 trial (children and adolescents with same diseases, only treated with simultaneous temozolomide radiochemotherapy).

In the present study, it was originally planned to investigate the therapeutic efficiency and safety of valproic acid and the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine, both in addition to temozolomide therapy. Since distribution of Resochin junior (chloroquine phosphate) was terminated, recruitment of new patients was stopped on August 8, 2019. For continuation of the trial, the chloroquine arm was closed but the patients already recruited in this arm will be followed up.

Indication:

First-line treatment of high grade gliomas, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, and gliomatosis cerebri in paediatric patients \< 18 years of age.

Background:

Based on published preclinical and clinical results regarding the potential therapeutic benefit of adult and pediatric high grade glioma patients receiving the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid (VPA; Barker et al. 2013; Wolff et al. 2008, 2011; Felix et al. 2011; Su et al. 2011; Rokes et al. 2010; Masoudi et al. 2008; Guthrie et al. 2013; Weller et al. 2011) in addition to radiochemotherapy, the present trial is aimed to investigate if the addition of VPA to radiochemo- and maintenance therapy with temozolomide (Stupp et al. 2005; Cohen et al. 2011a, b) provides a survival advantage in comparison to radiochemo- and maintenance therapy with temozolomide alone. Therapeutic efficiency of VPA will be evaluated by comparison with a historical patient control from the previous trial HIT-HGG-2007 with temozolomide radiochemo- and maintenance therapy alone. Besides therapeutic efficiencies as indicated by event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) treatment-related toxicities will also be analysed.

Therapy:

TMZ and VPA will be studied as investigational medicinal products in the present trial.

* Trial treatment will be performed as follows: Surgery with best possible extent of tumour resection
* Start as soon as diagnosis is confirmed with VPA 10 mg/kg/d in two daily doses preferencially as NONRETARDED FORMULA (e.g. Valproat-neuraxpharm®, Valproat-neuraxpharm® Lösung, Ergenyl®, Ergenyl®-Lösung or Orfiril® Saft; however, any VPA preparation including generic drugs is allowed; the use of a retarded formula might be helpful in some case as indicated below), increase by 10 mg/kg/d once per week up until recommended target Serum level of 75-100 μg/ml (520-694 μmol/L) is reached. If target serum levels cannot be reached with non-retarded formula and/or side effects occur which might be connected to VPA, change to a retarded formula may be helpful to obtain sufficient VPA serum levels and/or reduce side effects. If VPA target serum levels are still not reached and/or side effects occur even with a retarded VPA formula, please contact the HIT-HGG study office.

After start of VPA induction with simultaneous radiochemotherapy:

* Fractionated, locoregional radiotherapy, total dose 54-60 Gy
* Simultaneous chemotherapy with oral temozolomide, 7 days per week at 75 mg/m2/d, starting at day 1 for the entire period of radiotherapy (at maximum 49 days; oral temozolomide treatment may be started in single cases at maximum 7 days before radiotherapy if the 49 days treatment period still fully covers radiotherapy).
* Please, use temozolomide capsules (for oral application) and temozolomide powder (for preparation of an intravenously applicable solution). Any temozolomide preparation including generic drugs is allowed except for patients who are not able to swallow capsules and in whom the use of an intravenous solution is no Option only Temodal® capsules must be used to generate a temozolomide suspension as described in the Appendix A.11. Parents have to be advised how to prepare the Temodal® suspension at the trial site. PLEASE NOTE: Capsules of generic temozolomide drugs other than Temodal® MUST NOT be opened and used for generating temozolomide suspension.
* Maintenance therapy with daily VPA and temozolomide four weeks after simultaneous radiochemotherapy initiation of a 5 day-course of oral temozolomide \[150-200 mg/m2/d\], repeated every 28 days for in total 12 courses VPA treatment is performed until day 28 of the 12th course of temozolomide.
* Treatment doses may vary according to available medication formulations and sizes. Thus, deviances of +/- 15% of the recommended doses may be acceptable if not stated otherwise.The starting points of treatment may also vary in single cases. Thus, deviances of +/- 7 days of the recommended time periods to start treatment may be acceptable if not stated otherwise.

Primary end point : Event-free survival

Biometry (regarding the primary objectives):

1. Confirmatory statistical design:

   1. Difference between the treatment with additional VPA and the historic sample from the HIT-HGG-2007 study with respect to EFS. Rejection of H0 will be interpreted as a significant difference between VPA treatment and the historic sample. A directional interpretation will detect either a superiority of the VPA-treatment compared to the historic sample, or a superiority of the historic sample compared to the VPA Treatment sample.

   Statistical tests: adaptive Log-rank test / (conventional) Log-rank test

   Multiple Significance level α(overall) = 5% Power = 80% Assumed 6 months EFS-rates = 55% vs. 70%

   Multiple Testing: No Multiplicity Problem in this trial.
2. Estimated sample sizes:

About 167 recruitments at final analysis

Patient recruitment will be performed for 5,4 years. Individual follow-up (including study treatment) is required for this protocol for at least 1 year and 30 days after study entry. Long-term follow-up is strongly recommended and will be organised according to national guidelines and recommendations.

Financial support:

Deutsche Kinderkrebsstiftung, Bonn, Germany

International Cooperative Phase III Trial of the HIT-HGG Study Group (HIT-HGG-2013)

International Cooperative Phase III Trial of the HIT-HGG Study Group for the Treatment of High Grade Glioma, Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma, and Gliomatosis Cerebri in Children and Adolescents < 18 Years.(HIT-HGG-2013)

To confirm that the Event-Free Survival (EFS) in patients ≥ 3 years of age with paed HGG WHO grade IV, anaplastic astrocytoma WHO grade III (AAIII), DIPG, and gliomatosis cerebri differs for children treated with additional VPA compared to children in the historical HIT-HGG-2007 study sample.

Deutsche Kinderkrebsstiftung

Hannover Medical School

University of Göttingen

Coordinating investigator

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for anaplastic astrocytoma who grade iii