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Cyclophosphamide and Rituximab with Filgrastim conditioning and chemotherapy or radiation therapy prior to autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT). Rituximab maintenance therapy following HSCT.

Non-myeloablative conditioning regimen followed by allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT). Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD) Prophylaxis therapy following HSCT.

Prior to undergoing HSCT, all patients will receive Cyclophosphamide 4 gm/m2 with Rituximab 375 mg/m2 x 2 doses and G-CSF support.

Cyclophosphamide and Rituximab

Autologous HSCT patients will receive 10 mcg/kg/day and allogeneic HSCT patients will receive 5 mcg/kg/day subcutaneous (SQ) or intravenous (IV) starting 2 days after the initiation of Cyclophosphamide.

Filgrastim

Chemotherapy - BCNU 15 mg/kg IV x 1 dose to be administered over 2 hours on Day -6 pre-HSCT. VP-16 60 mg/kg IV x 1 dose to be administered over 4 hours on Day -4.

Radiation - administered at a rate of \< 20 cGy/min in one of the following doses; 120 cGy/fraction are administered at no less than 4-hour intervals three times/day or 2 times/day for a total of 10 doses (1200 cGy) over 4 days (Day -8, -7, -6 and -5), or doses of 150 cGy/fraction twice daily for a total of 8 doses (1200 cGy) over 4 days (Day -8, -7, -6 and -5). VP-16 60 mg/kg IV x 1 dose to be administered over 4 hours on Day -4 pre-HSCT.

Cyclophosphamide 100 mg/kg IV x 1 dose to be administered over 2 hours on Day -2 pre-HSCT. G-CSF 5 mcg/kg SQ or IV to start on Day +5 post-HSCT and continue until ANC \> 500/mm3 x 3 days.

Chemotherapy or Radiation therapy

Fludarabine 30 mg/m2 IV x 3 doses total to be administered daily over 30 minutes on Days -6, -5 and -4 pre-HSCT. Cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m IV x 3 doses total to be administered daily over 1 hour on Days -6, -5 and -4 pre-HSCT. Administer cyclophosphamide approximately 4 hours after start of fludarabine infusion. Rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV x 4 doses total to be administered on Days -13 and -6 pre HSCT and Days +1 and +8 post HSCT.

Non-myeloablative Conditioning regimen

Infusion of G-CSF mobilized allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells

Allogeneic transplant

Infusion of G-CSF mobilized autologous hematopoietic stem cells

Autologous transplant

Patients must have sufficiently recovered from autologous HSCT in order to receive rituximab maintenance therapy as specified below:

Dose #1: Day +42 post-autologous HSCT Dose #2: Day +49 post-autologous HSCT Dose #3: Day +56 post-autologous HSCT Dose #4: Day +63 post-autologous HSCT

Rituximab maintenance therapy

Tacrolimus 0.09 mg/kg/day PO, based on body weight formulas will start on Day -2 and continue until Day +90 post-HSCT. Tacrolimus (or cyclosporine, if applicable) will be given orally in a twice-daily divided dose. Methotrexate 5 mg/m2 Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) will be administered on Days +1, +3 and +6 post-HSCT.

GVHD Prophylaxis

Mary Horowitz, MD

This study is designed as a Phase II/III, multi-center trial, comparing two transplant strategies to determine whether non-myeloablative allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) will improve long-term progression-free survival compared to autologous HSCT. Recipients will be biologically assigned to the appropriate treatment arm depending on the availability of a Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) matched sibling.

BACKGROUND:

Although patients with follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) typically experience a relatively indolent course, the disease is rarely curable with conventional chemotherapy. Patients with follicular NHL are usually treated only when symptoms require palliation or if bulky disease exists since no survival advantage has been shown as compared to administering conventional treatment at initial diagnosis. While most patients achieve a remission with initial chemotherapy, a continuous pattern of relapse occurs, resulting in progressively shorter remission durations. Additionally, the increased response rates conferred by anthracycline-containing regimens have not translated into improved survival and thus the median survival time of 6 to 10 years has not been significantly impacted over the last decade.

DESIGN NARRATIVE:

The overall study design is a comparison of two treatment arms determined by biologic assignment, based on the availability of an HLA-matched sibling, in patients diagnosed with relapsed follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Patients without an HLA-matched sibling will receive an autologous HSCT. Patients with an HLA-matched sibling will receive a non-myeloablative allogeneic HSCT.

The overall study design is that of biologic assignment, based on the availability of an HLA-matched sibling, to one of two strategies to improve the outcome for follicular lymphoma patients with chemosensitive disease. All patients will undergo cytoreduction with cyclophosphamide 4 gm/m\^2 and rituximab 375 mg/m\^2 x 2 doses. Rituximab will be given in two doses, approximately 1 week apart, with the cyclophosphamide administered the day after the first dose of rituximab. Patients assigned to the autologous arm will have their hematopoietic stem cells mobilized from this cytoreductive regimen. Patients with an HLA-matched sibling will undergo a non-myeloablative allogeneic HSCT. Pre-transplant conditioning will consist of fludarabine 30 mg/m\^2/day and cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m\^2/day x 3 days with rituximab 375 mg/m\^2/day on Days -13 and -6 pre-HSCT and on Days +1 and +8 post-HSCT. The immunosuppressive regimen will consist of tacrolimus and methotrexate (MTX) to control graft-versus-host and host-versus-graft reactions. Patients without an HLA-matched sibling who have collected an adequate autologous hematopoietic cell graft, defined as at least 2.0 \* 10\^6 CD34+ cells/kg, will receive a preparative regimen of total body irradiation (TBI) 1200 cGy or Carmustine (BCNU) 15 mg/kg. In addition, VP-16 60 mg/kg and cyclophosphamide 100 mg/kg will be given for both autologous preparative regimens. Post-autologous HSCT therapy with rituximab 375 mg/m\^2 weekly x 4 doses will commence between Days 42-75 post-HSCT.

Autologous or Donor Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Patients With Recurrent Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (BMT CTN 0202)

Autologous Versus Non-Myeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) for Patients With Chemosensitive Follicular Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Beyond First Complete Response or First Partial Response (BMT CTN #0202)

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

National Marrow Donor Program

Medical College of Wisconsin

Serious adverse events are defined as events associated with death, life-threatening event, disability, congenital anomaly, required intervention to prevent permanent impairment or damage, hospitalization or other serious adverse event.

Autologous HSCT preceded by bone marrow ablation including cyclophosphamide 100mg/kg, etoposide 60mg/kg and either radiation therapy at 1200cGy or carmustine at 15mg/kg

Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT)

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) matched sibling donor HSCT preceded by bone marrow ablation consisting of cyclophosphamide (750mg/m\^2/day from day -6 to -4) fludarabine (30mg/m\^2/day from day -6 to -4)

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for chemotherapy or radiation therapy