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Chlorambucil

Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating

Alkylating Agents

Eligible patients will be treated with Chlorambucil 6 mg/m2 daily p.o. for 42 consecutive days (weeks 1-6). After restaging, responder patients (complete or partial response) and those with stable disease will receive Chlorambucil 6 mg/m2 daily p.o for 14 consecutive days every 28 days until disease progression or unbearable toxicity, patient refusal or medical decision. Patients' clinical data will be collected pseudo-anonymously and a sequential identification code number will be assigned to each patient enrolled in the study.

Chlorambucil, Oral, 2 Mg

The main objective of this trial is to explore the activity of chlorambucil, an alkylating agent commonly used in chronic lymphocytic leukemia treatment, in metastatic patients, gBRCA, including VUS, or DDR mutated, previously treated with a platinum-containing chemotherapy.

Nowadays, treatment strategies for patients affected by metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are still very scant. Gemcitabine and fluoropyrimidine based chemotherapy regimens are standard I line chemotherapy. Recently, landmark genome-wide studies revealed the existence of a distinct subpopulation of PDAC with highly unstable genomic properties, due to mutations in DNA Damage Repair genes (DDR), in particular BRCA1/2 mutations. Germline mutations cause a deficiency in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage repair due to inhibition of DNA double-strand breaks repair by the mechanism of homologous recombination. Cancer cells rely on DNA repair to survive the damage induced by genotoxic stress and DNA repair enables cancer cells to accumulate genomic alterations that contribute to their aggressive phenotype. BRCA1/2 abrogation and homologous repair deficiency (HRD) confer sensitivity to DNA damage-inducing drugs, in particular those inflicting cytotoxic DNA crosslinks that interfere with DNA replication. The sensitivity of BRCA1/2-mutated tumors to platinum compounds has been validated in multiple pre-clinical and clinical studies. Nevertheless, similar lesions are induced by DNA-alkylating agents, which include mono-functional (e.g. mitomycin C) or bifunctional alkylators (e.g. chlorambucil). Small molecule inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) have been recently developed and they showed an interesting activity and efficacy in breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer tumors. Although platinum drugs and PARP inhibitors show initially good responses in the clinic, most patients acquire resistance to these drugs. Chlorambucil shows high selective toxicity against human cells and xenograft tumors with compromised BRCA1/2 function. Patients affected by metastatic ductal adenocarcinoma, pretreated with at least one previous platinum-based chemotherapy, will be treated with oral chlorambucil for 42 consecutive days After restaging, responder patients and those with stable disease will receive for 14 consecutive days every 28 days until disease progression (RECIST 1.1 criteria) or unbearable toxicity, patient refusal or medical decision.

Chlorambucil in Metastatic PDAC Patients Bearing a Germ Line DNA Defects Repair Mutations (SALE Trial)

A Pilot Study of Chlorambucil in Pre-treated Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Patients Bearing a Germ Line BRCA or Other DNA Defects Repair (DDR) Mutations.

Evaluate the proportion of patients who are progression-free defined as progression according to RECIST 1.1 criteria or death. Progression free survival (PFS) is defined as the time between the date of registration and the date of documented radiological PD according to RECIST 1.1 criteria or death from any cause, whichever occurs first, or the date of last follow-up or last available tumour assessment if no further follow-up for disease progression is performed.

Overall survival (OS) is defined as time between the date of registration and the date of death for any cause or the date they were last known to be alive

Radiological response evaluation by using RECIST 1.1 criteria

Biochemical response evaluation by testing Ca19.9 marker

Drug toxicity evaluation by using appropriate SAE report form

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization
Chlorambucil in Metastatic PDAC Patients Bearing a Germ Line DNA Defects Repair Mutations (SALE Trial)	NCT04692740	Pancreatic Duct...	Chlorambucil, O...	18 Years -	IRCCS San Raffaele
Chlorambucil in Metastatic PDAC Patients Bearing a Germ Line DNA Defects Repair Mutations (SALE Trial)	NCT04692740	Pancreatic Duct...	Chlorambucil, O...	18 Years -	IRCCS San Raffaele
Chlorambucil in Metastatic PDAC Patients Bearing a Germ Line DNA Defects Repair Mutations (SALE Trial)	NCT04692740	Pancreatic Duct...	Chlorambucil, O...	18 Years -	IRCCS San Raffaele

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for chlorambucil, oral, 2 mg