Symptoms and General Pathology

All Conditions

Neoplasms

Diseases and Abnormalities at or Before Birth

Rare Diseases

Syndrome

Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple

Hamartoma

Neoplasms, Multiple Primary

Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary

Genetic Diseases, Inborn

Cowden Syndrome

Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba Syndrome

All Drugs and Chemicals

Anti-Infective Agents

Antineoplastic Agents

Fluorodeoxyglucose F18

Sirolimus

Temsirolimus

MTOR Inhibitors

Anti-Bacterial Agents

Antibiotics, Antitubercular

Clotrimazole

Miconazole

Antifungal Agents

Immunosuppressive Agents

Immunologic Factors

Radiopharmaceuticals

sirolimus 6 mg by mouth loading dose and 2 mg by mouth daily in a 28 day treatment cycle. Patients who do not have cancer take the drug for a total of two cycles (56 days) unless they develop unacceptable side effects. Those who have cancer may continue sirolimus beyond cycle 2 until their disease worsens or they develop unacceptable side effects.

Fludeoxyglucose is the radioactive material/compound used as an injection to have a PET scan performed.

fludeoxyglucose F 18

sirolimus 6 mg by mouth loading dose and 2 mg by mouth daily in a 28 day treatment cycle. Patients who do not have cancer take the drug for a total of two cycles (56 days) unless they develop unacceptable side effects. Those who have cancer may continue sirolimus beyond cycle 2 until their disease worsens or they develop unacceptable side effects

sirolimus

This examination involves testing of cerebellar function that controls movement, balance, and coordination.

Clinical Videography

Arun Rajan, M.D.

Background:

People with phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) hamartomatous tumor syndromes (PHTS) have a mutation in one of their genes called PTEN that can lead to benign tumors called hamartomas throughout the body. This puts them at increased risk for breast, thyroid and endometrial cancer.

People with a PTEN mutation have increased activity of proteins such as protein kinase B (AKT) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which may be responsible for tumor growth and their increased risk of these cancers.

Experiments show that a drug called sirolimus, which is used to prevent the immune system from rejecting transplanted organs, can inhibit cancer cell growth by blocking the mTOR protein.

Objectives:

To test the ability of sirolimus to decrease the activity of proteins that are regulated by mTOR in both benign and cancerous tumor tissue.

Eligibility:

People 18 years of age and older with Cowden syndrome or other PHTS.

Design:

Sirolimus treatment. Patients take sirolimus once a day in 28-day treatment cycles. Patients who do not have cancer take the drug for a total of two cycles (56 days) unless they develop unacceptable side effects. Those who have cancer may continue sirolimus beyond cycle 2 until their disease worsens or they develop unacceptable side effects.

Evaluations. Patients come to the clinic for a history and physical examination on day 1 of every treatment cycle, then every month for the first two months off therapy, and then at 6 and 12 months. In addition, they have the following procedures:

* Positron emission tomography (PET) scan and neuropsychological testing before starting treatment.
* Clinical photography (photographic documentation of skin lesions) before starting treatment. Patients who do not have cancer have repeat photography at 2 and 8 weeks and then, if the lesions shrink or go away while on therapy, again every month for the first 2 months off sirolimus, then at 6 months and 1 year. Patients who have cancer and continue treatment beyond 8 weeks have repeat photography every 8 weeks while on the study.
* Digital dermoscopy (skin lesion examination using a high resolution camera). This is done at the same intervals as clinical photography.
* Multiple biopsies of the skin and lower intestine, and possibly the tumor in patients with cancer, before starting treatment, at 2 weeks of treatment and at 8 weeks of treatment.
* Blood and urine tests every week while on treatment for the first two cycles, then every 4 weeks for patients who continue treatment beyond two cycles.
* Imaging studies, such as computerized tomography (CT), ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with cancer before starting treatment and again every two cycles to monitor the tumor size and location.

Background:

* PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) is a tumor suppressor gene whose function is frequently lost through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in cancer. Loss of PTEN increases activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTOR pathway, which increases cellular proliferation and survival.
* Germline mutations in PTEN are associated with a number of hamartomatous syndromes, of which Cowden Syndrome (CS) is the prototype. The set of syndromes that are defined by germline PTEN mutations has been labeled PTEN Hamartomatous Tumor Syndromes or PHTS.
* Patients with PHTS suffer increased morbidity and mortality. Benign tumors such as hamartomas occur in virtually every organ, most commonly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract, which prompts frequent monitoring and resection and causes psychological and physical stressors on patients with this condition.
* Cowden syndrome (CS) patients develop thyroid, breast, and endometrial cancers at an earlier age than the general population, and have an overall increased incidence of these cancers compared to the general population. These patients have increased morbidity from heightened surveillance and diagnostic procedures.
* No medical therapies exist for PHTS patients.
* Because tumors from PHTS patients show increased activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, inhibitors of this pathway might have activity in patients with PHTS.
* Sirolimus (rapamycin) is a specific inhibitor of mTOR that is Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved and is preferentially effective in cells with mutant PTEN.
* We hypothesize that sirolimus will have activity in patients with PHTS, as measured by biochemical techniques that will assess mTOR inhibition and clinical tests that will assess the growth and metabolism of benign and malignant tumors.

Objectives:

* The primary endpoint will be inhibition of the mTOR pathway in tissues obtained before and after therapy, as assessed using immunohistochemistry in benign as well as malignant tumors.
* Secondary endpoints will include inhibition of the mTOR pathway in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as assessed by immunoblotting, changes and duration of change in benign or malignant tumor size as assessed by computed tomography (CT), serial digital photography, digital dermoscopy, changes in tumor metabolism as assessed by positron emission tomography (PET), changes in lymphocyte counts, as well as changes in neuropsychological testing.

Eligibility:

-Adult subjects with documented germline PTEN mutations who meet diagnostic criteria for Cowden Syndrome by international criteria.

Design:

* Subjects will undergo biopsy, imaging, photography, dermoscopy, and neuropsychological testing prior to and after a course of therapy with sirolimus to assess the efficacy of treatment.
* This pilot protocol will test sirolimus at an FDA-approved dose (6 mg by mouth (PO) loading dose/ 2mg PO daily) in a group of twenty patients.
* Treatment will last for 56 days (plus 2 - 3 days to allow flexibility for scheduling of follow-up procedures) for PHTS subjects with benign hamartomatous tumors.
* For PHTS subjects with established malignancy, measurement of disease will be performed every other cycle and treatment will continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Sirolimus to Treat Cowden Syndrome and Other PTEN Hamartomatous Tumor Syndromes

A Pilot Study of Sirolimus (Rapamycin, Rapamune[Registered Trademark]) in Subjects With Cowden Syndrome or Other Syndromes Characterized by Germline Mutations in PTEN

A biochemical change is defined as a decrease in certain protein levels (e.g. P-AKT (phosphorylated AKT), total S6, P-S6, and P-4E-BP1) important in cell growth. These are measured by collecting tissue samples which stained and protein levels are measured under the microscope. Scoring will be based on distribution and intensity of staining. Distribution will be scored as 0 (0%), 1 (1% to 50%), and 2 (51% to 100%) to indicate the percentage of positive cells of interest in a single core. The intensity of the signal will be scored as 1 (weak), 2 (moderate), and 3 (strong). The distribution score and intensity score will be summed into a total score (TS).

Here is the number of participants with adverse events

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Principal Investigator

Sirolimus Patients

Age, Categorical

Age, Continuous

Sex: Female, Male

Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)

Race (NIH/OMB)

United States

Region of Enrollment

Dr. Arun Rajan

No patient underwent biopsy after the study treatment, so no such tissue analysis was done.

Biochemical Changes in Benign and Malignant Tumor Tissues as Assessed by Immunohistochemistry.

Number of Participants With Adverse Events

Overall Study

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization	Link
Sirolimus to Treat Cowden Syndrome and Other PTEN Hamartomatous Tumor Syndromes	NCT00971789	Cowden's Diseas... Hamartoma Syndr...	fludeoxyglucose... sirolimus Clinical Videog...	18 Years -	National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Sirolimus to Treat Cowden Syndrome and Other PTEN Hamartomatous Tumor Syndromes	NCT00971789	Cowden's Diseas... Hamartoma Syndr...	fludeoxyglucose... sirolimus Clinical Videog...	18 Years -	National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)

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