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Renal Cell Carcinoma

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Hereditary Renal Cell Carcinoma

Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer

Patients with known or suspected heritable kidney cancer syndromes, including VHL and HLRCC Disease.

Family members (related by blood) of patients who have or are suspected of having heritable kidney cancer syndromes, including VHL and HLRCC Disease.

Patients and biologic family members with a heritable kidney cancer syndrome of suspected, but not proven genetic etiology.

Next generation sequencing of blood, urine and/or benign and malignant tissue of patients and family members with known or suspected heritable kidney cancer syndromes, including VHL and HLRCC Disease.

Gene test

Yunze Xu, Ph.D.

Qi Lu

Jin Zhang

This study will investigate the frequency, clinical phenotype, management and molecular genetic defects of heritable kidney cancer syndromes. Families with kidney cancer with known or suspected genetic basis will be enrolled. Affected individuals or individuals suspected of having a germline kidney cancer will undergo periodic clinical assessment and genetic analyses for the purpose of: 1) definition and characterization of phenotype, 2) determination of the natural history of the disorder, and 3) genotype/phenotype correlation. Genetic linkage studies may be performed in situations in which the genetic basis of the disorder has not been elucidated. This research will have a significant impact on the overall management of heritable kidney cancer syndromes patients and family members who are at risk for heritable kidney cancer syndromes. The study will ultimately facilitate the development of novel screening, prevention and treatment strategies for these individuals with the syndrome. In addition this study could have impact on the management of patients with personal and/or family history of heritable kidney cancer syndromes.

Background:

• The genetic etiology of heritable kidney cancer syndromes remains to be determined.

Objectives:

* Define the risk of developing renal cance in heritable kidney cancer syndromes
* Define the types and characteristics (including patterns of growth) of heritable kidney cancer syndromes.
* Determine genotype/phenotype correlations.
* To characterize the natural and clinical histories of heritable kidney cancer syndromes.
* To determine the genetic etiology of heritable kidney cancer syndromes.

Design:

* These rare families will be recruited to genetically confirm diagnosis, determine size and location of renal tumors, size at presentation, growth rate and metastatic potential of renal tumors.
* Genetic testing will be offered to gain appreciation of the effect of mutations on the relative activity of various germline and somatic mutations.
* To determine if there is a relationship between mutation and disease manifestations and phenotype.

Frequency, Clinical Phenotype and Genetic Analysis of Heritable Kidney Cancer Syndromes

Genotyping for genetic variants that could modify the risk of cancer in subjects.

Questionnaire and chart review of the clinical phenotype

Frequency of germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in renal cancer

Ruijin Hospital

Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital

Huashan Hospital

Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital

Tongji Hospital

Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University

Shanghai 10th People's Hospital

First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University

Peking University First Hospital

RenJi Hospital

Leiomyomatosis

Disease Attributes

Patients with known or suspected Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer Syndrome (HLRCC)

Family members (related by blood) of patients who have or are suspected of having Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer Syndrome (HLRCC)

Spouses enrolled primarily for linkage analysis (Spouses have been removed from the inclusion criteria for this study. This closed cohort is for spouses previously enrolled on study.)

Deborah A Nielsen, R.N.

W. Marston Linehan, M.D.

For more information at the NIH Clinical Center contact National Cancer Institute Referral Office

This study will investigate what causes hereditary leiomyomatosis renal (kidney) cell cancer, or HLRCC, and how the disease is related to the development of kidney tumors. Leiomyomas are benign (non-cancerous) tumors arising from smooth muscle. HLRCC can cause various health problems. Some people develop red bumps on their skin that can be painful at times. Some women with HLRCC can develop leiomyomas of the uterus. In some families, people with HLRCC develop kidney tumors. This study will try to determine:

* What gene changes (mutations) cause HLRCC
* What kind of kidney tumors develop in HLRCC and how they grow
* What the chance is that a person with HLRCC will develop a kidney tumor

People with known or suspected HLRCC (and their family members of any age) may be eligible for this study. This includes people in families in which one or more members has skin leiomyoma and kidney cancer; skin leiomyoma and uterine leiomyoma; multiple skin leiomyomas; kidney cancer and uterine leiomyomas, or kidney cancer consistent with HLRCC, including, but not limited to, collecting duct or papillary, type II. Candidates will be screened with a physical examination, family history, and, for affected family members, a review of medical records, including pathology slides and computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.

Participants will undergo tests and procedures that may include the following:

* Review of medical records, x-rays, and tissue slides
* Physical examination and family history
* Skin examination
* Gynecological examination for women
* Interviews with a cancer doctor, cancer nurses, kidney surgeon, and genetic counselor
* Blood tests for:

  1. Genetic research to identify the gene responsible for HLRCC
  2. Evaluation of liver, kidney, heart, pancreas, and thyroid function
  3. Complete blood count and clotting profile
  4. Pregnancy test for pre-menopausal women
  5. PSA test for prostate cancer in men over age 40
* CT or MRI scans (for participants 15 years of age and older only)
* Skin biopsy (surgical removal of a small sample of skin tissue)
* Cheek swab or mouth rinse to collect cells for genetic analysis
* Medical photographs of lesions
* Questionnaire

When the tests are completed, participants will discuss the results with a doctor and possibly a genetic nurse or genetic counselor. The genetic findings will not be revealed to participants because their meaning and implications may not yet be understood. Participants may be asked to return to NIH from every 3 months to every 3 years, depending on their condition, for follow-up examinations and tests.

Background:

* Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer (HLRCC) is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited disorder which confers susceptibility to develop cutaneous and uterine leiomyomas and renal cell carcinoma.
* HLRCC is caused by mutations in the Krebs cycle enzyme, fumarate hydratase localized on chromosome 1q42.3-q43.

Objectives:

* Define the risk of developing renal cancer, cutaneous leiomyoma and uterine leiomyoma in this hereditary cancer syndrome
* Define the types and characteristics (including patterns of growth) of renal cancer associated with HLRCC.
* Determine the incidence and characteristics of HLRCC-associated fumarate hydratase gene mutations.
* Determine genotype/phenotype correlations.
* Determine if other genes caused HLRCC.

Eligibility:

-An individual from a family in which one or more biological family members have:

* Cutaneous leiomyoma and kidney cancer.
* Cutaneous leiomyoma and uterine leiomyoma.
* Multiple cutaneous leiomyoma.
* Kidney cancer and uterine leiomyomata.
* Renal tumor histology consistent with HLRCC including, but not limited to: Collecting Duct and/or Papillary, Type II.

Design:

* These rare biological families will be recruited to genetically confirm diagnosis, determine size and location of renal tumors, size at presentation, growth rate and metastatic potential of renal tumors.
* Genetic testing will be offered to gain appreciation of the effect of mutations on the relative activity of various germline and somatic mutations.
* We will determine if there is a relationship between mutation and disease phenotype.

Hereditary Leiomyomatosis Renal Cell Cancer - Study of the Genetic Cause and the Predisposition to Renal Cancer

Hereditary Leiomyomatosis Renal Cell Cancer (HLRCC): Identification of the Disease Gene, and Characterization of the Predisposition to Renal Cancer

.All IPD recorded in the medical record will be shared with intramural investigators upon request. @@@@@@In addition, all large scale genomic sequencing data will be shared with subscribers to dbGaP.

Molecular genetic differences between normal and tumorigenic fumarate hydratase (fumerase) mutations.

Collection of blood, urine and/or benign and malignant tissue.

Molecular genetic differences between normal and tumorigenic cells.

Detection and expression analysis of gene(s).

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Pain

All Drugs and Chemicals

Vasodilator Agents

Botulinum Toxins

Botulinum Toxins, Type A

abobotulinumtoxinA

Acetylcholine

Cholinergic Agents

Neurotransmitter Agents

Botulinum toxin type A

Placebo

Edward W Cowen, M.D.

Cutaneous leiomyomas are benign tumors of smooth muscle origin. They can be very painful, and current treatments for the tumors and for the associated pain do not produce satisfactory results. One potential treatment for localized severe muscle pain involves injections with botulinum toxin A. This study will investigate the effectiveness, side effects, and dosage of botulinum toxin A (BOTOX) as a treatment for patients with pain associated with cutaneous leiomyomas.

This study will include 18 subjects, all of whom will be 18 years of age and older, who have pain associated with cutaneous leiomyomas.

For the 24-week study, patients will be randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. Neither the study team nor the patient will know to which group patients have been assigned. Before the study begins, all participants must provide a full medical history for research and evaluation purposes, fill out pain and quality-of-life questionnaires, and undergo an ice test in which researchers will apply ice to the site of the cutaneous leiomyomas and ask participants to evaluate the level of pain before and after ice application. Both groups will be required to keep a pain diary throughout the study to record their level of pain on a daily basis, and will be asked to avoid or restrict the use of specific medications or other remedies to treat the pain.

At the first visit (Week 0), one group will receive a prescribed dose of botulinum toxin A, which will be administered as an injection into the leiomyoma, and the other (control) group will receive a placebo injection of a saline solution. Patients will return 4 weeks later, at which time they will undergo a medical examination, and the ice test, and complete questionnaires to assess responses and level of pain. Patients will return in Week 12, at which time the group assignment will be revealed (un-blinded) to investigators and patients. Patients who received placebo injections will be offered the opportunity to receive injection of botulinum toxin A into their leiomyomas. All patients will undergo a medical examination, the ice test, complete questionnaires, and continue completing their daily pain diaries at home. The final visit, in Week 24, will follow the same procedure as the Week 4 visit.

At the end of the study, patients may be eligible to have one or more of the painful cutaneous leiomyomas surgically removed if the researchers believe that the skin lesions can be removed with a reasonable cosmetic result.

Background:

* Cutaneous leiomyomas are smooth muscle tumors that may arise sporadically or in association with an inherited cancer-related genodermatosis.
* Leiomyomas may be severely painful, and current management is generally unsatisfactory.
* Studies demonstrate increased nerve density within and around leiomyomas as well as increased acetylcholinesterase staining of associated nerves.
* Botulinum toxin-A has been used in the treatment of pain syndromes.
* Based on the known mechanisms of action of botulinum toxin-A, treatment with botulinum toxin-A (BOTOX; Allergan, Inc.), may ameliorate the severe paroxysmal pain of symptomatic cutaneous leiomyomas.

Objectives:

* Primary: To assess change in worst lesional pain in the past week based on Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) from Week 0 to Week 4 in treated patients versus controls.
* Primary: To assess improvement in pain based on Visual Analog Scale (VAS) after application of ice at Week 4 compared to baseline in treated patients versus controls.
* Secondary: To assess change in magnitude and in frequency of painful episodes based on a weekly patient diary in treated patients versus controls.
* Secondary: To assess persistence of pain control at Weeks 12 based on the BPI and VAS.
* Secondary: To assess the frequency of rescue pain medication use in treated patients versus controls during the 24 week study period.
* Secondary: To determine the impact of leiomyoma treatment on quality of life.
* Secondary: To assess change in patient s condition based on the Patient Global Impression of Change.
* Secondary: To evaluate the immunohistochemical staining of nerve fibers and muscle in cutaneous leiomyomas in control and treated lesions following the conclusion of the study.

Eligibility:

* Subjects greater than or equal to18 years with at least 1 symptomatic cutaneous leiomyoma.
* Pain symptoms must occur at least once a week and be characterized as greater than or equal to 5 out of 10.

Design:

* A 12-week double-blind placebo controlled pilot study of 18 subjects with symptomatic leiomyomas will include initial assessment with BPI, photography, and skin biopsies, followed by treatment of subjects who initially received placebo.
* Cutaneous leiomyomas will undergo intralesional injection with botulinum toxin-A.
* Subjects will return at Weeks 4 and 12 for repeat assessment using pain and quality of life questionnaires and photography. Skin biopsies will be performed at week 12.

Randomized Pilot Study for the Treatment of Cutaneous Leiomyomas With Botulinum Toxin

Change in worst lesional pain in the past week based on Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) from Week 0 to Week 4 in treated patients versus controls. The BPI uses an arbitrary units on a 0-10 scale. For the purposes of the statistical calculation, a difference of 1 standard deviation between groups at baseline vs. week 4 was considered significant. Any BPI value above zero (no pain) is abnormal. The mean change indicates mean change in pain score.

Change in average pain was assessed by the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). The BPI is a validated pain assessment tool that assesses severity of pain, location of pain, impact of pain on daily functions, pain medications, and amount of pain relief in the past 24 hours or past week (e.g. scale of 0-10 (worst pain)).

Here is the number of participants with adverse events. For a detailed list of adverse events, see the adverse event module.

The VAS is a commonly used validated tool for assessment of pain. For this measure, a 10-cm VAS was used to assess current patient pain/discomfort before application of ice to study lesions at week 0 and week 4. A clinically meaningful change in chronic pain intensity using the VAS has been determined as a reduction of 2 points or 30%. Range is 0-10; 0 is no pain and 10 is worst possible pain.

The DLQI is a 10-question quality of life survey which has been extensively validated and frequently used in dermatologic disorders such as atopic dermatitis, acne, and psoriasis. Score is 0-30 based on 10 questions. The higher the score, the more quality of life is impaired.

The DLQI is a 10-question quality of life survey which has been extensively validated and frequently used in dermatologic disorders such as atopic dermatitis, acne, and psoriasis. Participants response to the question "Over the last week, how itchy, sore, painful or stinging has your skin been?" was assessed by the Dermatology Life Quality Index. This outcome refers to a single specific question on the DLQI, so the range for this outcome is 0-3. Lower values in the DLQI indicate less impairment (or greater improvement) in life quality from the skin disease.

The VAS is a commonly used validated tool for assessment of pain. The 10-cm VAS was used to assess current patient pain/discomfort before and after application of ice to study lesions. A clinically meaningful change in chronic pain intensity using the VAS has been determined as a reduction of 2 points or 30%. Scale is 0-10. 10 denotes worse pain than 0.

AchE staining was scored as 0 (none), 1 (rare), 2 (scattered), or 3 (focal or greater).

c-fos, a marker of neuronal activation after pain stimulation, was scored as 0 (none), 1 (scattered), 2 (\<66% of tumor cells), or 3 (≥66% of tumor cells).

Average pain was determined from a 0-10 scale question on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). 10 denotes worse pain.

The VAS is a commonly used validated tool for assessment of pain. The 10-cm VAS was used to assess current patient pain/discomfort before and after application of ice to study lesions. A clinically meaningful change in chronic pain intensity using the VAS has been determined as a reduction of 2 points or 30%. Scale of 0-10. 10 = worse pain.

The VAS is a commonly used validated tool for assessment of pain. The 10-cm VAS was used to assess current patient pain/discomfort before and after application of ice to study lesions. A clinically meaningful change in chronic pain intensity using the VAS has been determined as a reduction of 2 points or 30%. Scale is 0-10. 10 = worse pain.

Pain severity was assessed by the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). The BPI is a validated pain assessment tool that assesses severity of pain, location of pain, impact of pain on daily functions, pain medications, and amount of pain relief in the past 24 hours or past week (e.g. scale of 0-10 (worst pain)). This outcome was based on a single 0-10 question on the BPI.

Principal Investigator

There are no unexpected adverse events at grade 2 or higher.

BTX-A

Placebo/Saline

Total

Age, Categorical

Age, Continuous

Sex: Female, Male

Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)

Race (NIH/OMB)

United States

Region of Enrollment

Single

Segmental

Disseminated

Leiomyoma Distribution

Neck

Torso

Extremity

Location of Lesions

Volume of Drug Administered

Dr. Edward Cowen

Change in Worst Lesional Pain in the Past Week Based on Brief Pain Inventory

Median Change in Average Pain Between Two Arms

Number of Participants With Adverse Events

Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of Patient Perceived Pain at Leiomyoma Site Prior to Ice Provocation at Week 0 vs. Week 4

Comparison of Change in Skin Related Quality of Life by Total Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) at Week 0 vs. Week 4

Specific Skin Pain-Related Question on the Dermatology Life Quality Index

Change in Post-Ice Provocation Visual Analog Score (VAS) Between Week 12 and Week 24

Immunohistochemical Staining of Cutaneous Leiomyomas for Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) Before (i.e.,Week 0) and 12 Weeks After Botulinum Toxin Administration

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization
Frequency, Clinical Phenotype and Genetic Analysis of Heritable Kidney Cancer Syndromes	NCT05534854	Renal Tumor His... Kidney Cancer Renal Cell Carc... Familial Renal ... HLRCC VHL Syndrome BAP1 Tumor Pred... FLCN Gene Mutat... ALK Gene Mutati... FH Gene Mutatio... Birt-Hogg-Dube ... MET Gene Mutati... Cutaneous Leiom... Cutaneous Leiom...	Gene test	2 Years -	RenJi Hospital
Hereditary Leiomyomatosis Renal Cell Cancer - Study of the Genetic Cause and the Predisposition to Renal Cancer	NCT00050752	Renal Tumor His... Cutaneous Leiom... Kidney Cancer		2 Years -	National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Randomized Pilot Study for the Treatment of Cutaneous Leiomyomas With Botulinum Toxin	NCT00971620	Cutaneous Leiom... Hereditary Leio...	Botulinum toxin... Placebo	18 Years -	National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Frequency, Clinical Phenotype and Genetic Analysis of Heritable Kidney Cancer Syndromes	NCT05534854	Renal Tumor His... Kidney Cancer Renal Cell Carc... Familial Renal ... HLRCC VHL Syndrome BAP1 Tumor Pred... FLCN Gene Mutat... ALK Gene Mutati... FH Gene Mutatio... Birt-Hogg-Dube ... MET Gene Mutati... Cutaneous Leiom... Cutaneous Leiom...	Gene test	2 Years -	RenJi Hospital

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for cutaneous leiomyoma