Neoplasms

All Conditions

Heart and Blood Diseases

Rare Diseases

Pheochromocytoma

Hypertension

Paraganglioma

Neuroendocrine Tumors

Neuroectodermal Tumors

Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive

Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal

Neoplasms by Histologic Type

Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue

Paragangliomas 1

Neuroendocrine Tumor

Neuroepithelioma

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents

Channel Blockers

Analgesics

Anticonvulsants

Central Nervous System Depressants

Reproductive Control Agents

All Drugs and Chemicals

Vasoconstrictor Agents

Antihypertensive Agents

Central Nervous System Stimulants

Respiratory System Agents

Vasodilator Agents

Magnesium Sulfate

Norepinephrine

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists

Ephedrine

Pseudoephedrine

Doxazosin

Phenoxybenzamine

Urapidil

Preoperative staging in all cases consisted of computed tomography or/and magnetic resonance imaging. Prior to surgery, a routine panel of laboratory tests was carried out. The catecholamines metabolites (metanephrine, normetanephrine, and methoxytyramine) were measured from 24-hour urine collection. All patients were preoperatively treated with phenoxybenzamine or alternative doxazosin.Additionally, beta-blockers in case of coexisting tachycardia were given. In the morning of the operation, preinduction blood pressure was measured. Pneumoperitoneum was achieved by insufflating CO2 gas to an intraperitoneal pressure of 12 mmHg. The operative method in our department was laparoscopic transperitoneal lateral total adrenalectomy. Intraoperatively SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured and recorded every 10 minutes. To treat hypertensive and hypotensive episodes, intravenous doses of urapidil, ephedrine, nitrates, MgSO4, norepinephrine, or ß-blockers were administered.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy

The aims of our study were to define perioperative HI during laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma, assess the incidence of perioperative HI, and identify predictive factors of perioperative HI in our group of patients.

The study was a retrospective observation of consecutive patients with histologically confirmed pheochromocytoma undergoing laparoscopic adrenalectomy between years 2003 and 2019.

Pheochromocytoma and Hemodynamic Instability

Risk Factors for Hemodynamic Instability During Laparoscopic Pheochromocytoma Resection - Single Centre Experience

Hemodynamic instability was defined as an occurrence of both intraoperative episodes of systolic blood pressure above 160 mm Hg and vasoactive (vasodilators or vasoconstrictors) drugs administration. Patients were divided into two groups: one which met both above criteria, and another one without hemodynamic instability.

Data on morbidity were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.

Cardiovascular morbidity was defined as postoperative morbidity related to the cardiovascular system: postoperative hypotensive or hypertensive episodes requiring pharmacologic treatment, need for blood transfusion, myocardial or digestive ischemia, stroke, and postoperative hospitalization in intensive care unit (ICU) for cardiac-related causes.

Jagiellonian University

Principal Investigator

Gland and Hormone Related Diseases

Adenoma

Adrenocortical Adenoma

Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms

Endocrine Gland Neoplasms

Adrenal Cortex Diseases

Adrenal Gland Diseases

Endocrine System Diseases

Adenoma of the Adrenal Gland

Coagulants

Anesthetics

Epinephrine

Hemostatics

Racepinephrine

Epinephryl borate

Patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma undergoing ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation

Patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma undergoing laparoscopic adrenalectomy

The subjects is placed in a prone or lateral position under local anesthesia, and the electrodes are placed in the adrenal nodules under ultrasound guidance. A rapidly alternating radiofrequency current (300-500khz) generated around the electrode propagates through the adrenal nodules, causing resistance heating (Joule effect) and inducing cell death through coagulation necrosis. The choice of ablation time and frequency depends on the size, shape and location of the nodules within the adrenal gland.

radiofrequency ablation

The subjects was placed in a lateral position under general anesthesia. Using harmonic scalpel carefully separates the adrenal vessels and lates them. The adipose tissue around the adrenal gland is dissected carefully, the surrounding tissue is bluntly separated, and the adrenal gland is fully exposed and dissected. After adrenalectomy was completed, hemostasis was rechecked and specimens were removed.

laparoscopic adrenalectomy

All subjects in the study selected appropriate antihypertensive drugs based on factors such as blood pressure level.

Hypotensive Drugs

Xubin Yang, Dr

Huan Xu, Dr

Huan Xu, Dr.

Xubin Yang, Dr.

Mengyin Cai, Dr

The purpose of this study is to retrospectively and prospectively analyze the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation and laparoscopic adrenalectomy in the treatment of aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). It is planned to retrospectively collect 30 patients with adrenal radiofrequency ablation for APA and 15 patients with age - and sex-matched laparoscopic adrenalectomy for APA in our hospital from January 2020 to June 2024, and continue to follow up for 3 years.

Primary aldosteronism is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, and aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) is a benign adrenal tumor, accounting for about 35% of primary aldosteronism. According to clinical guidelines, laparoscopic adrenalectomy is the preferred treatment for unilateral APA. Recently, radiofrequency ablation, as a new technique, has been applied to the treatment of APA. However, there are few relevant studies, the sample size is generally small, and basically belong to retrospective studies, lacking the comparison of long-term postoperative effects. Our hospital is the first to carry out ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation of APA in Guangdong, China, with satisfactory results. The purpose of this study is to retrospectively and prospectively analyze the efficacy and safety of ultrasound guided radiofrequency elimination and laparoscopic adrenalectomy in the treatment of APA. It is planned to retrospectively collect 30 patients with adrenal radiofrequency ablation for APA and 15 patients with age - and sex-matched laparoscopic adrenalectomy for APA in our hospital from January 2020 to June 2024, and continue to follow up for 3 years.

Multifaceted Comparison of Ultrasound-guided Ablation and Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Aldosterone-producing Adenoma

Resident Doctor, Master Degree Candidate

Effect of radiofrequency ablation and laparoscopic adrenalectomy on blood pressure levels in aldosterone-producing adenoma patients, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure(in millimeters of mercury, mmHg).

Effect of radiofrequency ablation and laparoscopic adrenalectomy on serum potassium (mmol/L) levels in aldosterone-producing adenoma patient.

The effects of radiofrequency ablation and laparoscopic adrenalectomy on aldosterone levels(ng/dl) in aldosterone-producing adenoma patients.

The effects of radiofrequency ablation and laparoscopic adrenalectomy on ARR (plasma aldosterone to renin activity ratio) in aldosterone-producing adenoma patients.

Intraoperative or postoperative complications of both types of surgery, including hypertensive crises, bleeding, and pancreatitis.

PASO(the Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcome) criteria were used to standardize the evaluation of outcomes of radiofrequency ablation and laparoscopic adrenalectomy, divided into clinical and biochemical outcomes, and the outcome grades were defined in terms of complete success, partial success, and unsuccessful.

Comparison of the operation costs of radiofrequency ablation and laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Comparison of the hospital stays of radiofrequency ablation and laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University

laparoscopic adrenalectomy group 1: tumor size as \< 6 (group1)

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy group2: tumor size ≥ 6 cm (group2)

The patients, underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy, were also classified into group A (1-25), B (26-50), C (51-75), and D (76-102) according to the chronological order of their surgery in order to evaluate the learning curve.

minimally invasive lateral transperitoneal adrenalectomy

Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy

Şaban Sarıkaya, Prof. MD

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice for the benign tumor of less than 6 cm. However, this is an ongoing debate that exact cut-off value of tumor size for LA. The aim of this study was to assess whether the size of the adrenal tumor affects preoperative and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy as well as to evaluate the learning curve.

From April 2010 to October 2018, preoperative and postoperative data of 107 patients who underwent LTA with adrenal mass were recorded prospectively and analyzed retrospectively.

The inclusion criteria were all hormonally active adrenal lesions, detection of increases in size in \< 4 cm adrenal tumors on serial imaging, solitary adrenal metastases without evidence of local invasion, tumors size ≥ 4 cm, patients between the age of 18 and 80, and American Society of Anesthesiologists score (ASA) ≤ 3. The patients with adrenal masses that specified suspicion of malignancy on imaging such as local invasion, irregular tumor margins were evaluated as ineligible for LTA, and excluded in this study, were addressed to open surgery. Retroperitoneoscopic and laparoscopic partial adrenalectomies were also excluded from the study.

Totally 102 patients were included in the study. The patients were allocated according to adrenal tumor size as \<6cm (group 1:76) and ≥ 6 cm (group 2: 26). The variables such as demographics, tumor size, and laterality, operation time, blood loss, per-operative and postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, final pathology result were compared between the two groups. In order to evaluate the learning curve, the patients were also classified into three consecutive groups including group A (1-25), group B (25-50), group C (51-75) and group D (76-102) according to the chronological order of their surgery. Variables including operation time, tumor size, blood loss, and hospital stay, and overall complications were used to investigate the learning curve.

Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Large Adrenal Tumors.

Is There Anything New in the Field of Large Adrenal Tumors ?

amount of bleeding during surgery (milliliter)

abnormal conditions during or after surgery

Ondokuz Mayıs University

Samsun Liv Hospital

Symptoms and General Pathology

Syndrome

Cushing Syndrome

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction

Cushing's Syndrome

Hyperadrenalism

Hematinics

Gastrointestinal Agents

Herbal and Botanical

Liver Extracts

Pancrelipase

Pancreatin

Cola

patient had posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy

patient had Transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Patient is in prone, half Jack-knife position, and hips and knees are fixed in 75-90°. A 15 mm trocar incision just below the tip 12th rib. Prepare a small retroperitoneal space with finger and insert two 5 mm trocars about 5 cm lateral and medial to the first trocar with digital guidance. Medial trocar will be inserted upward. Lateral one will be lateral and below the 11th rib. Dissect inferior to diaphragm and retraction of the kidney downward. Mobilize the adrenal gland. At right side, start medial and caudally. Control the adrenl arteries crossing the IVC posteriorly. Prepare adrenal vein posterolaterally. Control between two clips. Continue gland dissection laterally and cranially. At left side, prepare the adrenal vein between the gland and diaphragm medial to the upper pole of the kidney. Dissect medial, lateral and cranially. Retrieve the mass through middle incision. Insert a drain and close skin incisions (Walz M. K., 2005).

Posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy

On right side, patient is on supine position. Put a trocar at umbilicus for the camera. Put 4 trocars 1-2 cm subcostal from subxiphoid (10-12 mm) for liver retractor, to far lateral (5 mm) and two 10 mm trocars inbetween. Retract liver, incise the retroperitoneum, and identify right adrenal gland between upper pole of the kidney and IVC. Dissect gland from the kidney than laterally and posteriorly from the diaphragm. Expose, apply clips to, and divide the adrenal vein. On left side, patient is on lateral decubitus. Put a trocar at umbilicus for the camera, 4 trocars 1-2 cm subcostal from the midline to the far most lateral possible (the last is 5 mm the rest are 10 mm). Mobilize colon flexure and expose the kidney. Separate kidney from the pancreas and spleen. Mobilize the tumor, starting by posterior surface, superior border then from the renal surface. Divide the adrenal vein. Retrieve the mass (Suzuki, Tsuru, \& Ihara, 2012; Linos, 2005; George \& Kavoussi, 2010).

Transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Sami M Shaaban, Professor

Haitham M Badawy, PhD

Tamer H Abou-Youssif, PhD

This randomized comparative study assesses the safety and efficacy of the posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy in comparison to the standard, anterior transperitoneal approach and suppose that this new technique is a safe and effective alternative to the standard approach.

Aim of the study:

To upgrade the urosurgical care level for candidate of surgical adrenalectomy due to adrenal diseases, to increase efficacy of the procedure and shorten the operative time and duration of hospital stay and convalescence.

Study Objective:

Comparing the safety and efficacy of posterior retroperitoneoscopic versus anterior transperitoneal adrenalectomy, as regard to the operative time, estimated intraoperative blood loss, days of postoperative hospital stay, and rate of complications.

Study Question:

Can the posterior retroperitoneoscopic approach provide a better alternative to anterior laparoscopic approach in terms of effectiveness and safety for laparoscopic adrenalectomy?

Study Hypothesis:

Investigators suggest that posterior retroperitoneoscopic approach is a safe and effective alternative to anterior transperitoneal approach for adrenalectomy with less operative time, estimated blood loss, postoperative days of hospitalization and rate of complications.

Significance and Relevance:

This study is suspected to be beneficial for urologists and oncology surgeons, as they can select the most effective intervention for patients with adrenal disease.

Study setting:

The study will be carried out over one year starting from 4/2015 to 5/2016, including the operations and data management. Operative procedures will be carried out at Urology Departments on Suez Canal, and Alexandria University hospitals.

Study population The study will focus on patients with adrenal disease indicated for adrenalectomy. The sample frame will include patients of any age, gender and body weight, with fair cognitive function, who is candidate for simple laparoscopic adrenalectomy in Suez Canal University Hospital and Alexandria University Hospital. Inclusion and exclusion criteria will be mentioned at Eligibility section.

Sampling:

A non-probability convenience sample will be taken. That is the cases present and referred to urology clinic and diagnosed to have adrenal mass or hyperplasia and are candidates for laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

The sample size will be calculated to compare mean values of two independent groups of equal sizes with a possibility of two way outcome. The sample size will be 20 cases, randomly divided into 10 cases for each group.

Work plan:

The main objective of the study is to compare the data related obtained in the two laparoscopic approachs in order to assess the efficacy of each one and determine a statistic evidence of preferring one of them over the other. This goal could be achieved through the following steps. First, patient evaluation; and this will be through the urology clinic of the university hospitals in Suez Canal and Alexandria Universities. It also includes patients referred from related clinics of oncosurgery, gynecology, endocrinology and cardiology clinics. History taking, full clinical examination will be done. Laboratory investigations will be requested according to provisional clinical diagnosis. Imaging studies will be done to confirm final diagnosis and determine the treatment plan. Second, as the case is indicated and fit for laparoscopic adrenalectomy, and as the case fulfill the inclusion criteria of the study, the patient will get a study number and will be randomly assigned to each operative approach. Third phase of the study is postoperative follow up. The patient will be followed for a month. Parameters will include the postoperative days to full diet, days to mobilization, days to discharge and days to full recovery. Also the postoperative pain score and the scar cosmetic outcome are included.

Instruments:

The theatre room should be prepared for laparoscopic procedure with: a charge-coupled device video camera, a video monitor, Xenon light source, high frequency generator and suction and irrigation devices. Laparoscopic surgeries depend on five main steps. Insufflation using CO2 high flow insufflator. This step involve 2 techniques; the closed techniques with Veress needle in transperitoneal access; and the open Hasson techniques. Trocar insertion that include the multiport type, open or closed technique, retroperitoneal and transperitoneal. Dissection through abdominal planes will need endoscopic curved scissors with or without rotatable blades, endoscopic curved dissectors and suction irrigation probe. Also the procedure may include sharp dissection with endoshears or blunt dissection with endo-peanuts, right angle dissector. Upon heamostasis the basic instruments are: 5 mm monopolar coagulation forceps/dissector, 5 mm bipolar forceps, 10 mm endoclip applicator and endoscopic staplers. LigaSure™ for blunt dissection and heamostasis. Endoscopic needle holder and short threaded small needle are needed for suturing. Finally, the LapSac™ is the best tested bag for retrieval of specimens. The data of the patient and his preoperative and postoperative parameters will be collected by a questionnaire designed for the purposes of this study. It also include the traditional numerical rating scale and visual analogue scale for assessment of the postoperative pain. The patient satisfaction of the scar will be assessed by three questionnaires; body image questionnaire, photo series questionnaire and future surgical procedure preference questionnaire.

Variables:

For each case the data will include demographic data of the patient and his medical and surgical history. This includes age, gender, body mass index calculated as kg/square meter. The side of the affected gland plays a role in operative time, so determination of the side by computed tomography (CT) is essential. Also size of the adrenal mass in CT and the clinical diagnosis regarding the function and the possibility of malignancy will also be considered the main independent variable. A significant independent variable is the surgeon's experience. The number and type of the procedures done by the operator with rate and cause of conversions will be included to each case. Dependent variables will include the full operative data of each case. Starting from the indication of the intervention and the rationale for preference of laparoscopic approach and eventually the cause of conversion if needed. This study focuses on operative time in minutes; total time from the first abdominal incision to the last suture, and the time elapsed to identify the adrenal vein, a critical step at the operation. The study is also interested in comparing the estimated blood loss measured in milliliters and the correlation to the type of tumor, patients and operative variables. On the postoperative phase, the data gathered include the number of days to full diet, of post-operative hospital stay and to complete recovery; i.e. return to usual daily activity. The patient will achieve a score assessment of the postoperative pain and assessment of cosmotic outcome of the incisions. The rate of short term complications postoperatively will be assessed for each group and classified by Clavien-Dindo system.

Statistical Analysis:

This will include data management and coding. The data entry will be via SPSS™ or Microsoft™ Excel™. Mainly the comparison of the study variables will be via detecting the significance of differences between mean values of each group parameters. Finally, the data will be arranged into tables and graphs and presented to conclude the findings of the study.

Ethical consideration:

All patients are informed about participation in training course for urology trainees as a part of the consent of admission and getting surgical intervention at an authorized teaching hospital. However, each participant will be offered an informed consent for being included into this comparative study. The patient will receive his ideal and best line of treatment according to the latest guidelines and available facilities whatever his response to the consent. The risk of complications of both intervention is comparable and all participants will have the same chance to have either transperitoneal or posterior retroperitoneal approaches. To avoid bias, patient will be assigned randomly into the two study groups. At the other hand, patient's data involved at this study will be treated confidentially.

Budget:

This study is funded by the researcher's financial resources. That includes transportation fees, paper work and audio-video utilities. Cases done in the Suez Canal University Hospital may be afforded by the college or the hospital fund. This includes the admission, the rent of the laparoscopic set and the associated medications.

Efficacy and Safety of Posterior Retroperitoneoscopic Adrenalectomy: A Comparative Study

Posterior Retroperitoneoscopic Approach Versus Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Approach in Management of Adrenal Tumors: A Randomized Comparative Study

total time from the first abdominal incision to the last suture, and the time elapsed to identify the adrenal vein, a critical step at the operation.

include the number of days to full diet, to mobilization and to complete recovery; i.e. return to usual daily activity.

classified by Clavien-Dindo classification system

using visual analogue scale or face scale score (according to participant's level of education)

The patient satisfaction of the scar will be assessed by THE SUM of scores of three questionnaires; body image questionnaire score + photo series questionnaire score + future surgical procedure preference questionnaire score

Alexandria University

Suez Canal University

Demonstrator

Hyperaldosteronism

no drainage tube after laparoscopic adrenalectomy

tube drainage after laparoscopic adrenalectomy

No drainage tube placed after laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Tubeless laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Placing drainage tubes after laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Drainage tube

meng zhe

The goal of this clinical trial is to exploring the role of tubeless after adrenalectomy surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. The safety of tubeless laparoscopic adrenalectomy；
2. The role of tubeless therapy in rapid recovery after adrenalectomy surgery Participants will be randomly divided into two groups: the non drainage group and the drainage group after laparoscopic adrenal surgery, and their pain, first time out of bed, and intestinal recovery time will be observed.

The design type of this study is a prospective single center randomized controlled study, with a plan to recruit 200 patients who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy for the study. The intervention measures mainly include whether to indwelling drainage tubes. Prior to the start of the trial, our center had performed laparoscopic adrenalectomy on 89 patients without any obvious retroperitoneal fluid accumulation, redness, swelling, or fever, and the recovery was smooth. Step 1 of the research: Select patients who meet the criteria for laparoscopic adrenalectomy Step 2: Sign informed consent form Step 3: Randomly draw lots and divide them into two groups: no tube group (experimental group of 100 cases) and indwelling drainage tube group (control group of 100 cases) Step 4: Perform surgical plan according to grouping results Step 5: Test blood routine and ERAS related indicators 1-3 days after surgery Step 6: Follow up adrenal ultrasound at 1 month and 6 months after surgery Step 7: Follow up and analyze data Random plan Use block randomization method, using software SAS9.4 TS1M7, random seed number 2023092311 Observation items and testing time points 1. Test hemoglobin and drainage volume on 1-3 days after surgery Pain score, first time out of bed, intestinal ventilation time, adrenal ultrasound, postoperative fever, wound infection, and other indicators; During the follow-up one month after surgery, the adrenal region color ultrasound should also be tested; 3. During the follow-up examination at 6 months after surgery, ultrasound of the adrenal region should also be detected; Efficacy evaluation criteria and effectiveness evaluation methods: Whether the indwelling drainage tube has a promoting effect on the patient's rapid recovery (such as pain score, first time out of bed, intestinal ventilation time, etc.). Safety evaluation methods mainly include the subject's blood routine and vital signs.

A Single Center Randomized Controlled Study on the Promotion of Rapid Recovery

A Single Center Randomized Controlled Study on the Promotion of Rapid Recovery Through Tubeless Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy

Pain rating scale after laparoscopic adrenalectomy by VAS（visual analog scale for pain ） scale. The score ranges from 1 to 10, and the degree of pain gradually increases.

First time up and about after laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Recovery time of intestinal function after laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Detection of obvious hematoma (Hematoma area\> 4cm x 4cm) in the surgical area through color ultrasound. The results are expressed as yes or no.

Does the patient experience fever (The thermometer shows a temperature greater than 37.3 ° C) after laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Zhe Meng

Deputy chief physician

laparoscopic right adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma

laparoscopic left adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma

laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma

The performance of adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma (PHEO) presents significant challenges due to the presence of elevated intraoperative hemodynamic instability (HI) and conversion risk. The objective of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the occurrence and determinants of perioperative hypotension (HI) and conversion in left-sided (LLA) and right-sided (RLA) transabdominal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (TLA).

Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) is a malignancy characterized by the production of catecholamines from chromaffin cells located in the adrenomedullary system. The prevalence of PHEO in the general population ranges from 0.05% to 0.1%, however it is more prevalent among those with hypertension. The clinical presentation exhibits a spectrum that spans from asymptomatic to abrupt mortality. Minimally invasive laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) has emerged as a prominent technique in adrenal illness surgery due to its reduced surgical morbidity and death rates, making it the favored method in this field. The initial exploration of transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (TLA) was conducted by Gagner et al. The LA procedure encompasses many transabdominal and retroperitoneal techniques, whereas TLA is favored by surgeons due to its well-known anatomy and expansive working area. Nevertheless, PHEO surgery remains a formidable task for surgeons and anesthesiologists due to its established correlation with hemodynamic instability (HI), resulting in symptoms such as abrupt hypertension or tachycardia, as well as severe and protracted hypotension following tumor excision. Skilled surgeons and anesthesiologists enhance the outcomes and reduce the occurrence of hypotension. The research has documented a multitude of additional risk factors associated with HI. The observed variability could perhaps be attributed to the lack of consistent anesthesiological and surgical protocols, as well as variations in the definitions of HI. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy does not have any absolute contraindications. However, it is worth noting that up to 20% of patients may need to undergo conversion to an open procedure. There has been no specific evaluation of the incidence and risk factors of perioperative hypotension (both intraoperative and postoperative) and conversion rate in a large group of patients undergoing laparoscopic right adrenalectomy (LRA) or laparoscopic left adrenalectomy (LLA) for managing pheochromocytoma resection.

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization
Pheochromocytoma and Hemodynamic Instability	NCT04566406	Pheochromocytom... Hypertension Surgery	Laparoscopic ad...	18 Years -	Jagiellonian University
Multifaceted Comparison of Ultrasound-guided Ablation and Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Aldosterone-producing Adenoma	NCT05991856	Aldosterone-pro... Radiofrequency ...	radiofrequency ... laparoscopic ad... Hypotensive Dru...	18 Years -	Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Large Adrenal Tumors.	NCT03830593	Adrenal Tumor Adrenal Adenoma	Laparoscopic Ad...	18 Years - 80 Years	Samsun Liv Hospital
Efficacy and Safety of Posterior Retroperitoneoscopic Adrenalectomy: A Comparative Study	NCT02618694	Adrenal Mass Adrenal Disease Pheochromocytom... Cushing Syndrom...	Posterior retro... Transperitoneal...	-	Suez Canal University
Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Large Adrenal Tumors.	NCT03830593	Adrenal Tumor Adrenal Adenoma	Laparoscopic Ad...	18 Years - 80 Years	Samsun Liv Hospital
Pheochromocytoma and Hemodynamic Instability	NCT04566406	Pheochromocytom... Hypertension Surgery	Laparoscopic ad...	18 Years -	Jagiellonian University
A Single Center Randomized Controlled Study on the Promotion of Rapid Recovery	NCT06250699	Nonfunctional A... Primary Aldoste... Cushing Syndrom...	Tubeless laparo... Drainage tube	18 Years - 70 Years	Zhongnan Hospital
Intraoperative Hemodynamic Instability in Adrenalectomy for Pheochromocytoma.	NCT06064370	adrenalDisease	laparoscopic ad...	18 Years -	Zagazig University
A Single Center Randomized Controlled Study on the Promotion of Rapid Recovery	NCT06250699	Nonfunctional A... Primary Aldoste... Cushing Syndrom...	Tubeless laparo... Drainage tube	18 Years - 70 Years	Zhongnan Hospital

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for laparoscopic adrenalectomy