Neoplasms

Digestive System Diseases

All Conditions

Rectal Neoplasms

Colorectal Neoplasms

Intestinal Neoplasms

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms

Digestive System Neoplasms

Gastrointestinal Diseases

Intestinal Diseases

Rectal Diseases

Antineoplastic Agents

All Drugs and Chemicals

Oxaliplatin

Capecitabine

Patients who achieve Clinical complete response (cCR) or near-cCR when restaged at 16 weeks following IMRT plus consolidation CapeOX.

Patients with near-cCR or residual tumor ≤ycT2N0 when reassessed at 16 weeks following IMRT plus consolidation CapeOX; or Patients with regrowth ≤ycT2N0 when reassessed during surveillance in NOM;

Patients with residual tumor \&gt;ycT2N0 when restaged at 16 weeks following IMRT plus consolidation CapeOX.

or Patients with regrowth \&gt;ycT2N0 when reassessed during surveillance in NOM; or Patients with any high-risk pathological factors following local excision (LE)

Drug: Oxaliplatin (OXA) Drug: Capecitabine (CAPE) Radiation: intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) Behavioral: DRE-Endoscopy-MRI-CEA Procedure: Nonoperative Management (NOM)

Nonoperative Management (NOM)

Drug: Oxaliplatin (OXA) Drug: Capecitabine (CAPE) Radiation: intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) Behavioral: DRE-Endoscopy-MRI-CEA Procedure: Local Excision (LE)

Local Excision (LE)

Drug: Oxaliplatin (OXA) Drug: Capecitabine (CAPE) Radiation: intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) Behavioral: DRE-Endoscopy-MRI-CEA Procedure: Total Mesorectal Excision (TME)

Total Mesorectal Excision (TME)

Xiaokang Lei, M.D.

Lin Wang, M.D.

The goal of this clinical trial is to test the safety and efficacy of local excision (LE) or non-operative management (NOM) in patients with MRI defined low-risk rectal cancer following neoadjuvant intensity modulated radiotherapy with concurrent capecitabine plus consolidation CapeOX. The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. What is the organ-preservation rate (OPR) after in patients with MRI defined low-risk rectal cancer following neoadjuvant intensity modulated radiotherapy with concurrent capecitabine plus consolidation CapeOX?
2. Is LE or NOM safe and effective in patients with MRI defined low-risk rectal cancer following neoadjuvant intensity modulated radiotherapy with concurrent capecitabine plus consolidation CapeOX? Participants will receive radical surgery, LE, or NOM based on the response of neoadjuvant intensity modulated radiotherapy with concurrent capecitabine plus consolidation CapeOX in patients with MRI defined low-risk rectal cancer.

Organ Preservation First Strategy and Intentional Watch and Wait for MRI Defined Low-risk Rectal Cancer

The rate of organ preservation will be defined as the percentage of patients who achieve cCR or near-cCR after neoadjuvant treatment followed by local excision or non-operative management (NOM). The time of organ preservation will be measured from the initiation of treatment.

NR-DFS will be defined as the length of time after treatment until death (any cause), tumor relapse including local pelvic recurrence following TME or local resection and any distant metastasis during or after treatment. Surgical salvageable local regrowth occurs in non-operative management will not be defined as tumor relapse.

Stoma-free survival will be defined as the length of time in which patients live with a temporary or permanent stoma and be measured from the initiation of treatment. Events for stoma-free survival are temporary or permanent stoma or death (any cause). Temporary ileostomy-free survival or colostomy-free survival will also be calculated.

Adverse events will be graded using the NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.0.

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization	Link
Organ Preservation First Strategy and Intentional Watch and Wait for MRI Defined Low-risk Rectal Cancer	NCT06209099	Rectal Cancer	Nonoperative Ma... Local Excision ... Total Mesorecta...	18 Years - 85 Years	Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute
Organ Preservation First Strategy and Intentional Watch and Wait for MRI Defined Low-risk Rectal Cancer	NCT06209099	Rectal Cancer	Nonoperative Ma... Local Excision ... Total Mesorecta...	18 Years - 85 Years	Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for organ preservation, chemoradiotherapy, neoadjuvant, rectal cancer, watch and wait