Infections

All Conditions

Neoplasms

Urinary Tract, Sexual Organs, and Pregnancy Conditions

Symptoms and General Pathology

Rare Diseases

Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Communicable Diseases

Papillomavirus Infections

Uterine Cervical Dysplasia

Uterine Neoplasms

Genital Neoplasms, Female

Urogenital Neoplasms

Uterine Cervical Diseases

Uterine Diseases

Genital Diseases, Female

Genital Diseases

Urogenital Diseases

Female Urogenital Diseases

Pregnancy Complications

Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral

Virus Diseases

DNA Virus Infections

Tumor Virus Infections

Disease Attributes

Precancerous Conditions

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Anti-Infective Agents

All Drugs and Chemicals

Antineoplastic Agents

Vitamins

Acetic Acid

Retinol acetate

Anti-Bacterial Agents

hrHPV self-test, followed by VIA inspection for hrHPV-positive women.

hrHPV self-test, followed by Pap-smear for cytology

use of social media, written media, theatre and other sources of communication to reach women, and relatives, to convince them of importance of screening.

Community mobilisation for hrHPV self-testing

use of swabs that women insert in the vagina for taking sufficient material for testing for hrHPV. For women who are not confident to perform this this nurses provide assistance.

hrHPV self-testing

based on the results of the test, follow-up is offered. In case of hrHPV negative test, retesting after five years. In case of hrHPV positive test, VIA in a nearby clinic. Women have to be motivated to adhere to follow-up

Follow-up after testing

Test offers insight into existence of dysplasia of the cervix by colouring the transition area

Women with identified dysplasia lesions are offered immediate therapy to remove the infected superficial surface of the cervix

Thermo-ablation or cryotherapy for dysplasia

Cytology for identification of abnormal cells in the cervix, and classification of stages of dysplasia or pre-cancerous lesions

Pap smear cytology

Jelle Stekelenburg, PhD MD

Janine de Zeeuw, PhD

Martin Rusnak, PhD

Aminur Rahman Shaheen, PhD

Carolyn Nakisige, MD

Shyamala Guruvare, PhD

The research project applies the protocol of the World Health Organisation for screening of cervical cancer, with testing of hrHPV as first screening, followed by Visual Inspection of the cervix with Acetic Acid for hrHPV-positive women and for women with minor lesions thermo-ablation of affected areas. This procedure is applied in Uganda, India and Bangladesh. In Slovakia hrHPV-positive women are offered Pap-smear and for women with Pap IV lis excision.

The project performs community sensitisation and mobilisation in dedicated geographical areas and populations, to inform women and relatives about the importance of screening for cervical cancer.

To eligible women self-tests for hrHPV are offered, which can be applied at home and investigated in dedicated field-laboratories. Women who are hrHPV positive are invited for further diagnosis. In Uganda, India and Bangladesh Visual Inspection of the cervix with Acetic Acid is performed. In Slovakia Pap-smear. In case dysplasia is found, further treatment is performed with cryotherapy or thermo-ablation. Cases of suspect invasive cervical cancer are referred to hospitals for diagnosis and treatment.

In Uganda, India and Bangladesh eligible women in geographic areas are invited to perform self-test for hrHPV. hrHPV-positive women are invited for further examination of the cervix using VIA. In case of cervical dysplasia local treatment is performed.

Women in vulnerable populations in Slovakia are invited to self-test for hrHPV. hrHPV positive women are seen by gynaecologist for Pap-smear cytology. Based on classification further therapy is offered

Prevention and Screening Towards Elimination of Cervical Cancer

Prevention and Screening Intervention Project - Towards Elimination of Cervical Cancer

Sharing according to the European Union Open Research guidelines

Level of unit cost per screening following the new protocol and affordability in low and middle income countries

Percentage of eligible women who take self-test out of women who have been offered self-test for hrHPV

Percentage of women who take self-test out of women in geographical area eligible for self-test for hrHPV.

Percentage of women who are hrHPV-positive and are invited for VIA or Pap-smear who actually undergo the procedure

Percentage of health facilities involved in the research that is capable of performing the screening protocol fully (both human resources capacity as equipment and supplies

Percentage of local, district, regional health organisations involved in the study, that is able to maintain the screening protocol as Integrated part of service delivery

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for pap smear cytology