Behaviors and Mental Disorders

All Conditions

Neoplasms

Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases

Anxiety Disorders

Depressive Disorder

Breast Neoplasms

Depression

The experimental group will receive the self-applied intervention through a digital platform. The intervention consists of three stages, depending on the situation of the patient: 1) Patients who undergo screening and obtain negative results for malignancy, 2) patients with suspicion and undergo a biopsy, 3) Patients with positive results for breast cancer.

The experimental group will receive the self-applied intervention through written visual material that will be given to them. The content of the material will be the same as the experimental group.

The intervention will be online and self-applied. It will consist of 3 stages, according to the patient's situation: 1) without suspicion of cancer (A1), 2) with suspicion of cancer (A2), and 3) with confirmed diagnosis of cancer (B).

Stage 1 includes modules related to the prevention and timely detection of breast cancer. Stage A2 consists of emotional management in the face of suspicion of breast cancer. In stage B, medical information about breast cancer is provided, as well as psychological strategies to face the diagnosis.

Psychological techniques based on the cognitive behavioral model, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, and health beliefs are included.

Online psychological care program to reduce psychological distress in women who attend a breast clinic

The intervention will be delivered through printed materials. It will consist of 3 stages, according to the patient's situation: 1) without suspicion of cancer (A1), 2) with suspicion of cancer (A2), and 3) with confirmed diagnosis of cancer (B).

Stage 1 includes modules related to the prevention and timely detection of breast cancer. Stage A2 consists of emotional management in the face of suspicion of breast cancer. In stage B, medical information about breast cancer is provided, as well as psychological strategies to face the diagnosis.

Psychological techniques based on the cognitive behavioral model, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, and health beliefs are included.

Psychological care program to reduce psychological distress in women who attend a breast clinic

Reyna J Martínez Arriaga, PhD

Alejandro Domínguez Rodríguez, PhD

Sergio O Meza Chavolla, MD

Fabiola Macías Espinoza, PhD

Joel O González Cantero, PhD

Leivy P González Ramírez, PhD

Paulina Herdoiza Arroyo, PhD

Yineth A Muñoz Anacona, BD

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an online psychological care program to reduce anxiety, depression and negative psychological consequences and to increase a sense of coherence in the process of diagnostic evaluation and/or screening of mammary glands in women who attend a breast clinic.

There will be an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group will receive the psychological intervention through a virtual platform and the control group will be given visual material with the information. This platform will be designed based on the principles of user experience (UX).

It has been shown that women who undergo diagnostic tests or screening of their mammary glands present symptoms associated with anxiety, concerns regarding a possible positive result for malignancy, as well as emotional distress. It is important to generate psychological programs aimed at reducing the psychological consequences of the diagnostic evaluation and/or screening of mammary glands because there are few approaches on the subject.

In Mexico there are breast clinics of the Mexican Social Security Institute, designed to perform screening tests and diagnostic evaluation of mammary glands, with the aim of identifying cases of breast cancer in early stages. However, few psychological interventions have been reported during the diagnostic process, so it is important to know the psychological affectations presented by women who undergo these tests. Given this, this intervention has the objective of evaluating the effectiveness of an online psychological care program to reduce psychological distress and increase the sense of coherence in the process of diagnostic evaluation of mammary glands in women who attend a breast clinic.

In the intervention there will be two groups: a) experimental group and b) control group.

The experimental group will receive online psychological care through the virtual platform and the patients in the control group will be given visual material with the information.

All participants will be invited to attend the breast clinic and undergo screening studies and/or diagnostic evaluation. For the assignment of the experimental and control group, it will be carried out through a randomization process through the Excel program.

The study has two arms, one is the experimental group that will receive the treatment through the online platform only, and the other is the comparison group that will receive the treatment delivered through printed visual material. The program consists of three stages that are aimed at: 1) Patients who undergo screening and obtain negative results for malignancy, 2) patients with suspicion and undergo a biopsy, 3) Patients with positive results for breast cancer.

The patients are not aware that there is an experimental group and a control group, the participants are not related and do not know each other.

Online Psychological Care Program for Women Who Attend a Breast Clinic.

Online Psychological Care Program to Reduce Psychological Distress in the Process of Diagnostic Evaluation and/or Screening of Mammary Glands in Women Who Attend a Breast Clinic.

The participants will be recruited in a public health institution. Since it is a government institution, one of the rules regarding the information collected is that it cannot be shared with other people or institutions outside the institution.

This is an instrument that comprises 14 items: seven to measure anxiety and seven to measure depression experienced in the previous week. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was validated in Mexican population with a reliability of 0.81 for anxiety and 0.82 for depression. Anxiety items evaluate whether the person has been worried or has experienced sensations of fear, while depression items evaluate anhedonia or pessimistic thoughts.

Evaluates the negative psychological consequences of breast cancer screening. It contemplates three dimensions: Emotional Affects, Physical Affects and Social Affects.

Evaluates coping with stressors in the illness-well-being continuum and possible solutions to the conflict. It contemplates three dimensions: understandability, manageability and significance. Reliability tests showed a Cronbach´s alpha of .80 overall scale in latin populations.

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