Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Symptoms and General Pathology

All Conditions

Neoplasms

Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases

Rare Diseases

Overweight

Breast Neoplasms

Obesity

Breast Diseases

Skin Diseases

Overnutrition

Nutrition Disorders

Body Weight

Acute Graft Versus Host Disease

Subjects will complete the Sedentary control testing sessions, have a 7-14 day washout period, and then complete the REx

Subjects will complete the REx testing sessions, have a 7-14 day washout period, and then complete the Sedentary control

REx condition: Participants will complete a whole-body REx workout consisting of 1-set to failure (e.g. RPE of 9-10 on 10-point scale on final reps) on 12 exercises in the Exercise Research Laboratory (located in the CTRC), with a 3-minute rest between exercises. Participants will complete the following exercises: leg press; leg extension; leg curl; hip abduction; hip adduction; chest press; overhead press; seated row; overheard pulldowns and assisted triceps dips on Cybex resistance equipment; barbell calf raises on a Smith machine; and dumbbell biceps curls. Resistance for the REx trial will be determined based on the exercise familiarization session. Specifically, we will target a resistance level needed for each participant to complete \~12-15 repetitions per exercise, using proper form, with an RPE of 9-10 on a 10-point scale on final reps. This protocol eliminates the need for max testing in order to set an exercise protocol off of a specific intensity based on % of 1RM.

REx Condition First

Sedentary control condition: Participants will sit quietly in a seated position for the entire duration of this condition.

Sedentary Control Condition First

The overall aim of this research is to investigate the acute effects of resistance exercise (REx) on the hormonal and behavioral indices of energy balance regulation in breast cancer survivors. This pilot study is designed to provide preliminary data to support future exercise interventions with more comprehensive energy balance profiling.

After screening, eligible and consented participants will complete baseline evaluations of REE, body composition, and subjective questionnaires to assess energy balance. Eligible and interested individuals will attend an exercise familiarization session in the two weeks before the initial study visit. Individuals will then be randomized to either sedentary control/REx or REx/sedentary control in a 1:1. A washout period of approximately 7-14 days will separate testing sessions.

A randomized cross-over short-term study design was chosen to assessment to profile appetite, energy intake, and physical activity in controlled and free-living settings while also reducing participant burden (as opposed to a long-term intervention). Participants will serve as their own controls, thereby circumventing inter-individual variation in physiology that may confound results. It is anticipated that responses to acute exercise will be amplified in chronic interventions and may therefore be used as a basis for generating hypotheses on the regulation of certain energy balance components. The study will end after the completion of 3 days of dietary intake recall and physical activity measurement for the last participant.

Individuals will be randomized to either sedentary control/REx or REx/sedentary control in a 1:1 manner using online software (http://www.randomization.com).

Appetite and Exercise in Breast Cancer Survivors

The Effects of Acute Resistance Exercise on Energy Balance Regulation Among Breast Cancer Survivors

REE will be measured for 20-25 minutes after a period of 30 minutes of quiet rest using an indirect calorimeter with ventilated hood (Parvo Medics metabolic cart). This test measures oxygen consumed and carbon dioxide exhaled to calculate REE (in kilocalories/day) using the Weir formula.

Data on participant's FM will be collected using a full body dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA; Hologic Delphi-W, Hologic Inc., Bedford, MA). The scanner will be calibrated according to the manufacturer's guidelines. All participants will undergo a pregnancy test before body composition testing. Body composition variables will be expressed in absolute terms and controlling for height (e.g. FM index: FM \[kg\]/height \[m2\])

Data on participant's FFM will be collected using a full body dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA; Hologic Delphi-W, Hologic Inc., Bedford, MA). The scanner will be calibrated according to the manufacturer's guidelines. All participants will undergo a pregnancy test before body composition testing. Body composition variables will be expressed in absolute terms and controlling for height (e.g. FFM will also be expressed in relation to FM (FM:FFM).

Additional blood for a single assessment of estradiol (Beckman Coulter) and progesterone (Beckman Coulter) will be collected at baseline during the first study visit to control for these hormones in the statistical analyses.

Ghrelin will be collected through serial IV collection. Each serum sample will be stored at -80C until analysis Radioimmunoassays will be used to determine serum total ghrelin (Milliipore). Total AUC will be calculated with the Trapezoid method, using all time points over the three hours following the control meal.

PYY will be collected through serial IV collection. Each serum sample will be stored at -80C until analysis Radioimmunoassays will be used to determine PYY (Millipore). Total AUC will be calculated with the Trapezoid method58, using all time points over the three hours following the control meal.

Appetite Ratings will be completed using 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) questions (hunger, fullness, and desire to eat) at time points described above. Total AUC will be calculated using the Trapezoid method.

Subjects will rate 'food appeal', 'food pleasantness', and 'desire to eat' of validated hedonic and non-hedonic food items using the ImageRate software with 0-100mm VAS scales.

Acute ad libitum EI will be measured during the buffet lunch via the weight and measure method by the dietary staff at the CTRC to measure energy and macronutrient intake following the REx and control conditions. The buffet lunch will consist of 15% more food than predicted requirements and the option to get more food as desired.

Activity and sedentary behaviors will be measured with ActivPAL accelerometers for 3 days after each study visit

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