Symptoms and General Pathology

All Conditions

Neoplasms

Urinary Tract, Sexual Organs, and Pregnancy Conditions

Recurrence

Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Prostatic Hyperplasia

Hyperplasia

Disease Progression

Urologic Neoplasms

Urogenital Neoplasms

Urogenital Diseases

Female Urogenital Diseases

Pregnancy Complications

Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications

Urinary Bladder Diseases

Urologic Diseases

Male Urogenital Diseases

Urological Agents

All Drugs and Chemicals

Tamsulosin

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists

Adrenergic Agents

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists

Adrenergic Antagonists

Neurotransmitter Agents

Patients taken tamsulosin for benign prostate hyperplasia who have non muscle invasive bladder cancer

Patients taken transurethral resection prostatectomy for benign prostate hyperplasia who have non muscle invasive bladder cancer

Transurethral Resection

Medical treatment for benign prostate hyperplasia

Nihat Karakoyunlu, MD

The purpose of this study is to compare medical and surgical treatments of benign prostate hyperplasia in patients who have non muscle invasive bladder cancer for tumour recurrence and progression.

Comparison of Medical and Surgical Treatments of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia in Patients Who Have Low Grade Non Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer for Tumour Recurrence and Progression

Diskapi Teaching and Research Hospital

Central Nervous System Depressants

Anesthetics

Levobupivacaine

Patients who underwent obturator nerve block with spinal anesthesia prior to TURBT

Patients who underwent spinal anesthesia prior to TURBT

Following the confirmation of spinal anesthesia level in the patients in the ONB group while in the lithotomy position, ONB was applied unilaterally or bilaterally, depending on the tumor position. A needle with a nerve stimulator was advanced vertically 2 cm below and 2 cm from the pubic tubercle. The needle is inserted through the skin and into the lower ramus of the pubic bone. When contraction was observed in the adductor muscle groups and the aspiration was negative, 10 mL 0.25% levobupivacaine at 0.3-0.5 mA was administered. The operation was started 10 minutes after the injection. TURBT operations were performed with a 30 degree optic and a 26 F bipolar resectoscope. All spinal anesthesia and ONB procedures were performed by the same anesthesia team. All TURBT operations were performed by the same surgeon.

Nerve Stimulator-guided Obturator Nerve Block

Ali Kaan Yildiz

In this prospective randomized controlled study, the effects of obturator nerve block (ONB) on obturator reflex, incomplete resection, perforation, tumor recurrence and progression, presence of muscle tissue in the specimen, need for second transurethral resection of bladder tumours (TURBT) and postoperative complications were investigated in patients who underwent TURBT for intermediate and high risk lateral wall non-muscle invasive bladder tumours (NMIBC).

Bladder cancer is among the ten most common types of cancer in the world, with about 550,000 new cases per year. According to GLOBOCAN (Global Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence) data, bladder cancer accounts for 3% of cancer diagnoses worldwide. It is more common, especially in developed countries. A total of 90% of bladder cancer diagnoses are made in people 55 years of age or older, and the disease is four times more common in men than in women. NMIBC are divided into four groups as low-medium-high and very high risk according to EORTC (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer). Early recurrence was reported as 15%, late recurrence as 25% and progression as 9% with BCG treatment in medium and high risk NMIBC. TURBT is the basic approach in diagnosis and treatment.

The obturator nerve passes through the obturator foramen of the pubis and innervates the adductor muscles of the thigh. It lies within the pelvic cavity close to the prostatic urethra, bladder neck and inferolateral bladder wall. In TURBT, when the bladder is filled with irrigation fluid, the obturator nerve is very close to the bladder sidewall. While performing TURBT of lateral wall bladder tumors, neighboring obturator nerve stimulation may occur during surgical resection, resulting in adductor contraction and leg jerking. This condition, called the obturator reflex, occurs between 55.3% and 100% of lateral bladder tumors.

Serious complications can occur in TURBT, one of which is bladder perforation that may require laparotomy and open repair. Perforation is also associated with poor patient outcomes due to the spread of the tumor into the abdominal cavity and the inability to apply single immediate instillation of intravesical chemotherapy. One of the most important factors affecting the success of TURBT is the presence of residual tumor as a result of incomplete resection. Incomplete resection is associated with both general recurrence and particularly local recurrence, as well as shortening disease-free survival. One of the most important indicators of complete resection is the presence of the detrusor muscle in the TURBT specimen. However, in 10% of all cases, it has been reported that there is no detrusor muscle tissue in the TURBT specimen. Various methods such as administration of muscle relaxants under general anesthesia, less filling of the bladder, reduction of electric current, using a 90-degree classical loop, using bipolar plasmakinetic energy and performing tumor resection with small pieces have been proposed in order to prevent the failure and complications due to obturator reflex that may occur in TURBT.

In combination with spinal anesthesia, ONB is one of the most effective methods used to inhibit the obturator reflex. The importance of spinal anesthesia has increased especially due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Surgery under local / regional anesthesia is recommended as much as possible, especially during the pandemic process, compared to general anesthesia. In this way, it is aimed to reduce the risk of aerosol generating procedures and subsequent viral transmission. ONB has gained more importance in recent years as a result of being performed together with spinal anesthesia.

Efficacy and Safety of Obturator Nerve Block During Transurethral Resection on Non-muscle Invasive Intermediate and High Risk Lateral Wall Bladder Tumours

Efficacy and Safety of Obturator Nerve Block During Transurethral Resection on Non-muscle Invasive Intermediate and High Risk Lateral Wall Bladder Tumours Comparing Nerve Stimulator-guided Obturator Nerve Block With Spinal Anaesthesia and Spinal Anaesthesia: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

Rate of patients who had an obturator reflex during the operation

Ankara Training and Research Hospital

Principal Investigator

Shock

Pharmaceutical Solutions

Natriuretic Agents

Mannitol

OGX-427 drug product is in 25mg/mL injection in a mannitol-phosphate buffer solution packaged to deliver at least 8mL volume from a 10mL Type I, clear glass vial (ammonium sulfate treated) with Teflon coated bromobutyl rubber stopper and sealed with an aluminum, red, flip-off over seal. The drug product is aseptically compounded and sterilized via sterile filtration prior to aseptic filling.

OGX-427

Maureen Palmer, RN

Alan I So, MD, FRCSC

Peter C Black, MD, FRCSC

Edward C Jones, MD, FRCPC, LMCC

This is a single centre, open label, phase I dose escalation trial using a modified accelerated titration design. Patients with superficial bladder tumour (Ta or T1) or CIS and candidates for transurethral resection or muscle invasive disease (\>T2) and candidates for radical cystectomy will be enrolled.

OGX-427 will be given neoadjuvantly over 8 days, followed by a transurethral resection (for superficial disease) or radical cystectomy (for muscle invasive disease).

Baseline Hsp27 levels will be determined from pre-treatment cytological samples from bladder washings and tumour biopsies performed prior to therapy.

Post-treatment PK and PD data will be determined from TUR (for Ta, T1 tumours) or radical cystectomy (for T2 tumours) specimens. A recommended phase II dose will be determined from the toxicity, tissue pK, and percentage of Hsp27 knockdown. Effects of treatment on Hsp27 client protein levels and apoptotic index will also be evaluated.

Evaluation during protocol treatment will take place to assess toxicity. Assessments will occur on various visits as per Evaluation Schedule. Adverse event evaluation based on NCI CTCAEv3.0. For quality of life assessment during treatment, the EORTC QLC-BLS24 will be used before first treatment (day 1) and prior to surgery (TURBT or radical cystectomy). The Day 1 QOL assessment will serve as baseline.

After removal from protocol treatment, all subjects will be followed for toxicity related to study drug for 30 days.

After the study, subjects will be followed according to standard of care. Follow-up for tumour recurrence or superficial tumours will be assessed every three months by cystoscopic examination for two years, then every six months for the next two years, and then yearly thereafter.

A Study for Treatment of Superficial Bladder Cancer Using OGX-427

A Phase I Clinical Trial Assessing Intravesical Antisense Oligonucleotide Targeting Heat Shock Protein 27 for the Treatment of Superficial Bladder Cancer

The study medication will be escalated according to a fixed dose escalation plan. Three subjects will be treated per cohort. If one of the three subjects experiences a DLT, three additional subjects will be treated at that dose level (i.e. maximum of 6 subjects per cohort)

The study medication will be escalated according to a fixed dose escalation plan. Three subjects will be treated per cohort. If one of the three subjects experiences a DLT, three additional subjects will be treated at that dose level(i.e. maximum of 6 subjects per cohort)

NCIC Clinical Trials Group

Vancouver General Hospital Foundation

Vancouver Coastal Health

Alan I. So, MD, FRCSC

For patients undergoing bipolar transurethral standard resection, bladder tumour is resected in a piecemeal manner.

For patients undergoing bipolar transurethral en bloc resection, bladder tumour is resected and removed in one piece.

Olympus TURis Bipolar HF-resection electrode (Model: WA22306D)

Bipolar transurethral standard resection

Bipolar transurethral en bloc resection

Jeremy YC Teoh, MBBS

Conventionally, transurethral standard resection (SR) of bladder tumour is performed in a piecemeal manner. Transurethral en bloc resection (EBR) has been described as an alternate surgical technique in bladder tumour resection. By preventing tumour fragmentation and ascertaining complete tumour resection by histological assessment of the EBR specimen, we hypothesized that EBR could reduce disease recurrence as compared to SR.

Bladder cancer is the 9th most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide, with a standardized incidence rate of 9.0 per 100,000 person-years for men and 2.2 per 100,000 person-years for women. In Hong Kong, more than 400 new cases of bladder cancer are diagnosed every year. It is a common and important disease which carries a significant burden to the health medical system.

For patients who are diagnosed to have bladder tumours upon flexible cystoscopy, transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) should be offered. Being a minimally invasive procedure, it has become the standard for the initial management of bladder cancer. This operation aims to ascertain the diagnosis, to correctly stage the tumour (T-stage) and to cure the disease in the case of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, in a combined analysis of 2,596 patents from 7 randomised controlled trials in patients with NMIBC, it was shown that 1-year recurrence rate ranged from 15-61%, and 5-year recurrence rate ranged from 31-78%. Despite possible complete tumour resection during TURBT, the oncological control of NMIBC is far from satisfactory.

There are two main problems with the conventional standard resection (SR) procedure. First, the bladder tumour is resected in a piecemeal manner. This results in tumour fragmentation and floating tumour cells inside the bladder. The tumour cells may re-implant on to the bladder wall and lead to early disease recurrence. Second, 'complete tumour resection' is often determined by endoscopic vision only. Due to the inherited nature of piecemeal resection, it is not possible to assess the resection margin by histological means. The charring effect to the resection bed may also hinder the judgement of a 'complete tumour resection'. Routine second-look TURBT has been advocated for selected patients (Any presence of T1 disease, G3 disease, or any absence of detrusor muscle in the first TURBT specimen) even after a 'complete tumour resection' during the first TURBT. Second-look TURBT has been shown to detect residual disease in 33-55% of the patients and upstaging of disease in 4-45% of the patients. These results highlighted the limitations of TURBT in ascertaining complete tumour resection.

Transurethral en bloc resection (EBR) has been described as an alternate surgical technique in bladder tumour resection. By preventing tumour fragmentation and ascertaining complete tumour resection by histological assessment of the EBR specimen, we hypothesized that EBR could reduce disease recurrence as compared to SR.

Transurethral En Bloc Versus Standard Resection of Bladder Tumour

Transurethral En Bloc Versus Standard Resection of Bladder Tumour: A Multi-centre Randomised Controlled Trial (EB-StaR Study).

Rate of disease recurrence one year after the operation

Rate of presence of detrusor muscle in the pathological specimen

Number of participants with obturator reflex encountered by the operating surgeon during the operation

Rate of mitomycin C instillation given after the operation

Patients undergoing transurethral resection surgery have an average hospital stay of three days.

Complications which occur within 30 days after the operation

Second look transurethral resection surgery is expected to perform within six weeks after the allocated treatment and one more week is allowed for histological assessment of the second look transurethral resection specimen. Residual disease is measured by the number of participants with the presence of urothelial carcinoma in the second look transurethral resection specimen.

Second look transurethral resection surgery is expected to perform within six weeks after the allocated treatment and one more week is allowed for histological assessment of the second look transurethral resection specimen. Upstaging of disease is measured by the number of participants with upstaging of disease from non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer to muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the second look transurethral resection specimen.

Rate of disease progression one year after the operation

Kwong Wah Hospital

North District Hospital

Our Lady of Maryknoll Hospital

Pok Oi Hospital

The University of Hong Kong

Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong

Tuen Mun Hospital

Tung Wah Hospital

United Christian Hospital

Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong

Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong

Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong

Chinese University of Hong Kong

Assistant Professor

Infections

Respiratory Tract (Lung and Bronchial) Diseases

COVID-19

Pneumonia

Pneumonia, Viral

Communicable Diseases

Respiratory Tract Infections

Virus Diseases

Coronavirus Infections

Coronaviridae Infections

Nidovirales Infections

RNA Virus Infections

Lung Diseases

Respiratory Tract Diseases

Patients diagnosed with primary bladder cancer in the COVID-19 period

Patients diagnosed with primary bladder cancer in the preCOVID-19 period

Patients diagnosed with primary bladder cancer by transurethral resection in the urology clinic during and before the COVID-19 pandemic will be retrospectively evaluated and compared.

COVID-19 pandemic

In this study, investigators aim to reveal how the COVID-19 pandemic process affects primary bladder cancer presentations, tumor stages and degrees, the time elapsed between diagnosis and intervention, tumor recurrence and progression, which are oncological results.

The rapid spread of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by a novel betacoronavirus known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had dramatic effects on individuals and health systems around the world. Beyond those infected with SARS-CoV-2, the intense demand for limited health system resources has led to reduced capacity, rapid depletion of healthcare systems, and hospitals becoming a source of virus transmission.

Urology associations and reference centers have issued recommendations to inform urology care during the COVID-19 outbreak. It is essential that urologists give priority to patient safety. Potential delays in the diagnosis and treatment of urological conditions and the additional burden on healthcare resources must be balanced against the risks of exposure to COVID-19. While this situation aims to conserve healthcare resources, it has created the risk of delaying cancer treatment. As a result, the transformation of health services and the increasing interest of the public in avoiding exposure to the disease has led to a decrease in the number of hospital admissions.

The effects of the pandemic on patients with bladder cancer due to a decrease in emergency room and urology clinic admissions are not clear. During the COVID-19 outbreak, the EAU (European Association of Urology) panel of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer published an evidence-based guideline. According to this guideline, four priority groups were formed and a certain period of delaying treatment was defined for patients in each group according to their priorities.

The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Primary Bladder Cancer Presentations

Rate of tumor stages in patients who diagnosed with bladder cancer

Blood and Lymph Conditions

Immune System Diseases

Hemorrhage

Hematuria

Transfusion Reaction

Postoperative Hemorrhage

Urinary Retention

Prostatic Diseases

Genital Diseases

Genital Diseases, Male

Urination Disorders

Postoperative Complications

Hematologic Diseases

Anticoagulants

Patients who used anticoagulant/antiaggregant medication for any reason (eg: coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, cerebrovascular disease) before surgery and underwent endoscopic prostatectomy (TURP).

Patients with no history of anticoagulant/antiaggregant medication and underwent endoscopic prostatectomy (TURP).

Patients who used anticoagulant/antiaggregant medication for any reason (eg: coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, cerebrovascular disease) before surgery and underwent endoscopic bladder tumor resection (TUR-BT).

Patients with no history of anticoagulant/antiaggregant medication and underwent endoscopic bladder tumor resection (TUR-BT).

Patients who used anticoagulant/antiaggregant medication for any reason (eg: coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, cerebrovascular disease) before surgery and underwent open prostatectomy (OP).

Patients with no history of anticoagulant/antiaggregant medication and underwent open prostatectomy (OP).

Abdullah Ilktac, MD

Patients who were using anticoagulant or antiaggregant medications for any reason and underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT) or transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or open prostatectomy (OP) due to BPH will be compared with those who were not using anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication. The rates of postoperative clot retention, presence of hematuria, reoperation due to hematuria, blood transfusion and re-admissions due to hematuria in the first postoperative month will be compared.

Anticoagulant/Antiaggregant Use and Postoperative Bleeding Risk in Patients With Bladder Tumor and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Investigation of the Effects of Anticoagulant/Antiaggregant Use on Postoperative Bleeding Risk in Patients Operated for Bladder Tumor and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Presence of clot retention due to hematuria after the operation which requires manuel irrigation

Gross hematuria requiring blood transfusion

Change in the Postoperative hematocrit/hemoglobin levels compared to the preoperative values.

Amount of postoperative continuous bladder irrigation volume

Bezmialem Vakif University

Pincipal investigator

Karolina Dobronska, MD, PhD

Lidia I Jureczko, MD, PhD

Karolina Dobronska, MD

Lidia I Jureczko, PhD MD

The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of spinal anesthesia among elderly patients The basic methods for diagnosis and management of bladder cancer include endoscopic procedures (cystoscopy, trans-urethral resection of bladder tumour TURBT). The age of most patients is above 60, which increases the risk of complications during the perioperative period. Usually the leading anaesthesia method in TURBT procedures is regional, mainly spinal, anaesthesia. Although the prevalence of regional upon general anaesthesia is questioned, certain positive aspects of regional anaesthesia are indisputable. Maintaining logical communication with a patient during the procedure enables early diagnosis of complications (TUR syndrome, bladder perforation). Undeniably, regional anaesthesia ensures the best pain management in the early post-operative period. The simplicity of performing an efficacious spinal block and its cost-effectiveness are additional factors, which have contributed to the acknowledgement of the method as the standard of anaesthesia for transurethral procedures.

A Retrospective Analysis of Spinal Anaesthesia for TURBT Procedures in Elderly Patients

A Retrospective Analysis of Spinal Anaesthesia for Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour in Elderly Patients: A Single Centre Experience From 2007 to 2017

The investigator evaluates whether the procedure could be completely performed under spinal anesthesia

The investigator evaluates the bupivacaine doses, heart rate and the need to give atropine

The investigator evaluates the bupivacaine doses, blood pressure and the need to give ephedrine

The investigator evaluates the doses of bupivacaine spinal given by specialist, young and advanced trainee.

The investigator evaluates the success rate of spinal anaesthesia given by specialist, young and advanced trainee.

Medical University of Warsaw

MD. PhD.

Rare Diseases

Carcinoma

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell

Neoplastic Cells, Circulating

Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial

Neoplasms by Histologic Type

Neoplasm Metastasis

Neoplastic Processes

Transitional Cell Carcinoma

For patients undergoing bipolar transurethral resection, bladder tumor is resected in a piecemeal manner.

For patients undergoing bipolar plasma kinetic vaporization of bladder tumor, bladder tumor is vaporized.

Standard resection in piecemeal technique with standard bipolar cutting loop. (Storz medical, 27040 GP1)

Bipolar transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT)

Vaporization of bladder tumor with standard bipolar vaporization electrode. (Storz medical, 27040 NB)

Bipolar transurethral plasma kinetic vaporization of bladder tumor (PKVBT)

Gernot Ortner, MD

Andre Nicklas, MD

Udo Nagele, MD, Prof.

Theodoros Tokas, MD, PhD

David Oswald, MD

Daniela Colleselli, MD, PD, MSc

Lukas Lusuardi, MD, Prof.

Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is usually performed in a piecemeal technique. Tumor fragmentation and cell spilling could be responsible for high recurrence rates. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been shown to be a prognostic predictor in disease progression in transitional cell carcinoma. In the current study the investigators aim to quantify CTCs in purging fluid and blood for recurrent intermediate risk bladder cancer during surgery for two different methods: TURBT and Plasma-kinetic vaporization of bladder tumor (PKVBT). Also correlations for recurrence will be investigated for the two different surgical methods.

Bladder cancer is the 9th most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide, with a standardized incidence rate of 9.0 per 100,000 person-years for men and 2.2 per 100,000 person-years for women. Amongst any caner entity, bladder cancer is the most expensive cancer regarding follow-up and life-time treatment costs due to the high probability of recurrence. Up to 85% of patients initially present with non muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Progression to muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is up to 10-20%. NMIBC is characterized by a high risk of recurrence after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT): the 1-yr recurrence rate is 15-61% and the 5-yr recurrence rate is 31-78%. These numbers represent the heterogeneity of NMIBC.

Against any existing oncological principle, during TURBT bladder tumors are resected in a piecemeal manner. This results in tumor fragmentation and floating cancer cells inside the bladder during surgery. These cells may have the ability to re-attach on and re-implant into the bladder wall and may be responsible for early disease recurrence which is commonly seen after initial surgery. It has been shown that tumor cells may access the circulatory system through cut vessels. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can be detected in up to 20% in T1 high grade disease and are commonly seen in metastasized disease. They have shown to be an independent predictor of disease progression and relapse in several studies and reflect biological aggressiveness.

In the current study the investigators want to quantify CTCs for recurrent intermediate risk transitional cell carcinoma in purging fluid and blood for two different surgical methods: TURBT and Plasma-kinetic vaporisation of bladder tumors (PKVBT). Also correlations for recurrence will be investigated for the two different surgical methods.

In 2 urological centers (LKH Hall, LKH Salzburg) participants with diagnosed intermediate risk recurrent transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder will be randomly enrolled for either TURBT or PKVBT. Before surgery CTCs will be analyzed in peripheral blood and purging fluid. (preoperative CTCs blood and purging fluid, morphological aspect of CTCs in purging fluid) After resection for TURBT and vaporization for PKVBT, a tumor ground biopsy will be taken for both groups. After coagluation, CTCs will again be drawn in peripheral blood (intraoperative CTCs blood). After completion of surgery an indwelling catheter is inserted and purging fluid is again analyzed (postoperative CTCs purging fluid, morphological aspect of CTCs in purging fluid). Blood is again taken on day 2 after surgery during the morning routine to assess CTCs after surgery (postoperative CTCs blood). Patients will be dismissed on earliest day 2 after surgery after indwelling catheter removal.

Recurrence will be assessed during follow-up by cystoscopic controls (From 3 to 36 months after surgery). If recurrence is detected the study is terminated. If no recurrence is detected up to 36 months after surgery, the study is likewise terminated.

Pilot trial with parallel group design and comparison of 2 established techniques (TURBT, PKVB)

CTC Quantification During TURBT and PKVBT of Transitional Cell Carcinoma in Purging Fluid and Blood

Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) Quantification During Transurethral Resection (TURBT) and Plasma Kinetic Vaporisation (PKVBT) of Transitional Cell Carcinoma in Purging Fluid and Blood: a Randomized Controlled Trial

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are measured in 15ml of peripheral blood which is taken during surgery. CTCs are quantified via automated immunofluorescence-microscopy. CK20+, p53+, DAPI+ and CD45- cells will be classified transitional cancer CTCs.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are measured in 15ml peripheral blood which is taken after surgery. CTCs are quantified via automated immunofluorescence-microscopy. CK20+, p53+, DAPI+ and CD45- cells will be classified transitional cancer CTCs.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are measured in purging fluid after the surgical intervention. After insertion of a new indwelling catheter the bladder is fully emptied and 100ml of sterile NaCl 0,9% is injected and extracted 5 times into and out of the bladder to mix CTCs. CTCs are quantified via automated immunofluorescence-microscopy. CK20+, p53+, DAPI+ and CD45- cells will be classified transitional cancer CTCs.

Cytological morphology of CTCs in purging fluid. CTCs will be examined for both groups and their morphological aspect (e.g. vital, non-vital, necrotic, deformed) is classified.

The difference of the preoperative and intraoperative CTC-number in blood is calculated. Due to the intervention in both groups a difference in CTC-number is to be expected.

The difference of the preoperative and postoperative CTC-number in blood is calculated. Due to the intervention in both groups a difference in CTC-number is to be expected.

The difference of the intraoperative and postoperative CTC-number in blood is calculated. Due to the intervention in both groups a difference in CTC-number is to be expected.

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization
Comparison of Medical and Surgical Treatments of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia in Patients Who Have Low Grade Non Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer for Tumour Recurrence and Progression	NCT02443844	Bladder Cancer	Transurethral R... Tamsulosin	40 Years - 80 Years	Diskapi Teaching and Research Hospital
Efficacy and Safety of Obturator Nerve Block During Transurethral Resection on Non-muscle Invasive Intermediate and High Risk Lateral Wall Bladder Tumours	NCT04885309	Bladder Cancer ... Bladder Cancer ...	Nerve Stimulato...	18 Years - 90 Years	Ankara Training and Research Hospital
A Study for Treatment of Superficial Bladder Cancer Using OGX-427	NCT00959868	Bladder Cancer	OGX-427	18 Years -	Vancouver Coastal Health
Transurethral En Bloc Versus Standard Resection of Bladder Tumour	NCT02993211	Bladder Cancer	Bipolar transur... Bipolar transur...	18 Years -	Chinese University of Hong Kong
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Primary Bladder Cancer Presentations	NCT04900259	Bladder Cancer Covid19	COVID-19 pandem...	18 Years - 90 Years	Ankara Training and Research Hospital
Anticoagulant/Antiaggregant Use and Postoperative Bleeding Risk in Patients With Bladder Tumor and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia	NCT05314582	Hematuria Retention, Urin... Operative Bleed... Blood Transfusi...		-	Bezmialem Vakif University
Transurethral En Bloc Versus Standard Resection of Bladder Tumour	NCT02993211	Bladder Cancer	Bipolar transur... Bipolar transur...	18 Years -	Chinese University of Hong Kong
A Retrospective Analysis of Spinal Anaesthesia for TURBT Procedures in Elderly Patients	NCT03221829	Spinal Anaesthe... Bladder Tumor Transurethral R...		60 Years -	Medical University of Warsaw
CTC Quantification During TURBT and PKVBT of Transitional Cell Carcinoma in Purging Fluid and Blood	NCT04811846	Urinary Bladder... Transitional Ce... Urogenital Neop... Circulating Tum... Neoplasms	Bipolar transur... Bipolar transur...	18 Years -	University Teaching Hospital Hall in Tirol
A Retrospective Analysis of Spinal Anaesthesia for TURBT Procedures in Elderly Patients	NCT03221829	Spinal Anaesthe... Bladder Tumor Transurethral R...		60 Years -	Medical University of Warsaw
Comparison of Medical and Surgical Treatments of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia in Patients Who Have Low Grade Non Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer for Tumour Recurrence and Progression	NCT02443844	Bladder Cancer	Transurethral R... Tamsulosin	40 Years - 80 Years	Diskapi Teaching and Research Hospital

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for transurethral resection