Neoplasms

Blood and Lymph Conditions

All Conditions

Immune System Diseases

Rare Diseases

Leukemia

Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

Leukemia, Lymphoid

Lymphoma

Neoplasms by Histologic Type

Hematologic Diseases

Lymphoproliferative Disorders

Lymphatic Diseases

Immunoproliferative Disorders

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Acute Graft Versus Host Disease

Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Lymphosarcoma

One stimulation will be conducted using Anodal treatment.

The Direct Current Anodal Stimulation will be applied for 20 minutes for each stimulation period. Brief neurocognitive testing will be conducted during each stimulation session.

A final stimulation will be conducted using Cathodal stimulation. Direct Current Cathodal Stimulation will be applied for 20 minutes for each stimulation period. Brief neurocognitive testing will be conducted during each stimulation session.

The sham procedure provides the same small current during ramp up to imitate the intervention, but the current is discontinued after ramping up and no intervention is provided. Sham will be applied for 20 minutes.Stimulation will start 5 minutes before testing and continue throughout completing the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery at each trial:"

The Anodal intervention excites neuronal activity. For condition one, the anode will be attached to the left frontal region (Fp1) and the cathode will be attached to the right neck. The intervention involves a direct current of 1 mA applied for 20 minutes.

Anodal tDCS treatment

The Cathodal intervention inhibits or reduces neuronal activity. We propose that the use of the cathodal tDCS to the superior temporal gyrus in survivors of childhood ALL may facilitate the inhibition of over connected motor-sensory and auditory neural networks. For condition two, the cathode will be attached to the left temporal region (T3) and the anode will be attached to the right neck. The intervention involves a direct current of 1 mA applied for 20 minutes.

Cathodal tDCS treatment

The sham procedure provides the same small current during ramp up to imitate the intervention, but the current is discontinued after ramping up and no intervention is provided. Sham will be applied for 20 minutes. Stimulation will start 5 minutes before testing and continue throughout completing the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery at each trial.

Sham treatment

List Sorting is using information processing and storage. Performance tends to peak in early adulthood and then decline across the life span. This task assesses working memory and requires the participant to sequence different visually- and orally-presented stimuli. The list scoring task takes approximately 7 minutes to administer. List Sorting is scored by summing the total number of items correctly recalled and sequenced on Lists-1 and -2, which can range from 0-26.

NIH Toolbox List Sorting Working Memory Test

The Flanker tests inhibitory control and attention and the capacity for new learning and information processing novel situations. This performance also reaches a peak in early adulthood and tends to decline across the life span. A total of 40 trials require 4 minutes. Scoring is based on both accuracy and reaction time, which will we evaluate individually as well as in combination. The raw scores are converted to a scale score with a mean of 100 and SD of 15. Higher scores indicate higher executive function.

NIH Toolbox Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test

The Grooved Peg Board test measures visual-motor coordination and motor speed. Additionally, it is cognitively challenging and has been associated with attention, perceptual speed and non-verbal reasoning. Performance is better in the dominant/preferred hand and tends to improve in childhood and decline with advancing age. The test consists of placing metal pegs with ridges along onside in matching slots as quickly as possible. The score is the time in seconds required to compete the array with each hand. Longer times reflect worse performance. Times are compared to normative data that is organized by ethnicity, age, gender and education. The test takes approximately 5 minutes to complete.

Grooved Peg Board Test

This selective reminding task purports to distinguish verbal memory into short-term and long-term components. Scores are organized by short- and long-term storage and retrieval with normative scores organized by age and gender. The task requires participants to remember a list of orally-presented words and recall them with selective reminders of the words that they didn't recall. The test will last 5-10 minutes and is available in four different versions, thus reducing rehearsal effects.

Buschke Selective Reminding Test

Nicholas S Phillips, MD, PhD

Brief Overview: Children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer will experience problems with learning, memory and attention during and after completing their cancer therapy. There are many factors that contribute to this problem, but investigators have recently identified that chemotherapy agents used in treating Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) may disrupt normal brain development.

A novel device has been developed that may help correct this disruption. Direct Current Stimulation (DCS) uses a very low level of constant electrical current to stimulate specific parts of the brain. It has been used in patients with stroke to great benefit. Our study at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is designed to see if this technique will benefit survivors of childhood cancer. Specifically, investigators wish to see if stimulating one part of the brain gives a greater benefit than stimulating another part of the brain.

Primary Objective

Evaluate the feasibility of conducting repeated on-site Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in children who are long-term survivors of

Secondary Objectives

* To estimate the potential efficacy for powering a future larger study using tDCS to improve cognitive performance in children by suppressing over connected neural hubs in long-term survivors of childhood ALL.
* To compare the performance of anodal stimulation of the frontal lobe to cathodal suppression of the superior temporal lobe on cognitive performance.

Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three intervention arms. Two brief stimulation periods will be conducted on day one. One brief stimulation will be scheduled in the morning and a second brief stimulation will be scheduled in the afternoon. A final stimulation will be conducted on day two. Direct Current Stimulation will be applied for 20 minutes for each stimulation period. Brief neurocognitive testing will be conducted during each stimulation session.

Enrollment is on hold per institutional COVID-19 guidelines

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Temporal Cortex in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

The trial will be considered feasible if at least 30 survivors are able to complete 3 sessions (tDCS along with cognitive testing).

BSRT is a test that evaluates verbal memory performance

WM is a test that evaluates information processing and storage performance

Flanker is a test that evaluates attention and inhibitory control

GPB is a test that evaluates visual-motor coordination and motor speed

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases

Leiomyoma

Myofibroma

Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue

Neoplasms, Connective Tissue

Connective Tissue Diseases

A treatment session with the Philips Sonalleve MR-HIFU device for thermal ablation of uterine fibroids with high-intensity focused ultrasound.

MR-HIFU treatment

A pretend treatment session with the Philips Sonalleve MR-HIFU system in which no therapeutic ultrasound doses are delivered.

John H Fischer II, MD

Robert K Zurawin, MD

Elizabeth David, MD

Hyo Keun Lim, MD

Aytekin Oto, MD

Amanda Yunker, D.O.

Peter Liu, M.D.

Rajiv Chopra, PhD

The purpose of this clinical study is to determine whether treatment with the Philips Sonalleve Magnetic Resonance-guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (MR-HIFU) system is effective in the treatment symptomatic uterine leiomyomas (uterine fibroids).

Uterine Fibroids are the most common benign tumors in pre- and peri-menopausal women. Fibroids occur in 20-50% of women over 30 years of age, and with increasing size can produce pain, menorrhagia, pressure, bloating and urinary and bowel compression symptoms. Fibroids may also cause infertility. Symptomatic fibroids impact health and well-being of the female including lost work hours and reduced quality of life.

Current medical treatments include invasive removal of the fibroid (hysterectomy, myomectomy), drug therapy, or treatments causing necrosis of the fibroid tissue such as ablation (freezing or heating) or embolization. It has been estimated that 600,000 hysterectomies are performed per year in the United States and more than half of the conducted hysterectomies are due to fibroids. For the relief of symptoms, women wishing to preserve the uterus may choose between invasive procedures of myomectomy, Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE), ablation or cryotherapy. The surgically invasive procedures require anesthesia, hospital stays, and long recovery periods. However, High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) shows promising results in relieving fibroid symptoms.

This study will confirm the safety and clinical effectiveness of Philips Sonalleve MR-HIFU Fibroid Therapy system for ablating symptomatic fibroids.

Sonalleve Fibroid Ablation Pivotal Clinical Trial for MR-HIFU of Uterine Fibroids

Philips Pivotal Clinical Trial for MRI-guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation of Uterine Fibroids

AIT is scored dichotomously as follows:

0 = Failure. Failure occurs if an AIT for fibroid related symptoms is administered within 12 months of study treatment.

1 = Success. Success occurs if no AIT is administered for fibroid related symptoms within 12 months of study treatment.

An AIT is defined as being one of the following: hysterectomy, myomectomy, uterine artery embolization, endometrial ablation and resection, or another MR-HIFU treatment (with the exception of a 're-treatment' as defined in the protocol, e.g. because of temporarily inaccessible fibroids).

Menstrual Blood Loss (MBL) scored dichotomously as follows:

0 = Failure. Failure occurs if the change from baseline in MBL measurement is \< 50 % as measured with alkaline hematin test (AHT) method.

1 = Success. Success occurs if the change from baseline in MBL measurement is \>= 50 %, or if the MBL is \< 80 ml as measured with the AHT method.

Length for Return to Activity after HIFU treatment measured dichotomously:

0 = Failure. If subject takes longer than 72 hours to return to work or normal activity.

1 = Success. If subject returns to work or normal activity within 72 hours inclusive.

Symptom Severity Score (SSS) of Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Quality of Life questionnaire (UFS-QoL), assessed dichotomously at 12 months:

0 = Failure. Reduction of less than 10 points on SSS.

1 = Success. Reduction of at least 10 points on SSS.

Philips Healthcare

Urinary Tract, Sexual Organs, and Pregnancy Conditions

Symptoms and General Pathology

Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Shock

Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms

Urologic Neoplasms

Urogenital Neoplasms

Urogenital Diseases

Female Urogenital Diseases

Pregnancy Complications

Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications

Urinary Bladder Diseases

Urologic Diseases

Male Urogenital Diseases

Carcinoma

Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial

The shock wave applicator (Dornier AR2, shock wave device, Dornier MedTech 2010, Wessling, Germany) will be gently placed directly on the ultrasound transmission gel over the skin surface of the suprapubic region above the urinary bladder at the site of the papillary lesion (ultrasound guided) and at other five points. Points 1 and 2 will be at the level of transverse crease 2 cm above the pubic bone and 5 cm from each, points 3 and 4 will 2 cm above points 1 and 2, and point 5 will be centered of points 1-4. A total of 2000 pulses at 0.25 mJ/mm2 will be delivered with a frequency of 3 pulses per second. The position of the shock wave applicator will be changed after every 400 pulses.

This group of patients will be exposed to the same therapy head, which will also be fitted with a stand-off without energy transmission.

Low Energy Shock Wave Treatment

The patients will be exposed to the same therapy head, which will also be fitted with a stand-off without energy transmission.

Sham Treatment

Ahmed Elkashef

Ahmed Mosbah

Ahmed A. Shokeir

The investigators hypothesize that low energy shock wave therapy (LESW) might induce damage to the tumor tissues of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), so they could be ablated and detached from the surface.

The patients who are suffering from NMIBC will be randomly allocated into two groups: The first group (control group): 25 patients will be exposed to sham treatment before transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) without using LESW therapy. The second group (LESW group): 25 patients will be exposed to LESW therapy before TURBT.

The apoptotic effect of LESW will be studied via histopathological examination and molecular studies of the resected bladder tissues.

The patients will receive intravesical chemotherapy or BCG immunotherapy and they will be followed up at outpatient clinic for two years by MRI, outpatient cystoscopy and cytology to identify the recurrence and progression rate of NMIBC.

The investigators hypothesize that low energy shock wave therapy (LESW) might induce damage to the tumor tissues of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), so they could be ablated and detached from the surface.

The patients who are suffering from NMIBC will be randomly allocated into two groups: The first group (control group): 25 patients will be exposed to sham treatment before transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) without using LESW therapy. The second group (LESW group): 25 patients will be exposed to LESW therapy before TURBT. The shock wave applicator (Dornier AR2, shock wave device, Dornier MedTech 2010, Wessling, Germany) will be gently placed directly on the ultrasound transmission gel over the skin surface of the suprapubic region above the urinary bladder at the site of the papillary lesion (US guided) and at other five points. Points 1 and 2 will be at the level of transverse crease 2 cm above the pubic bone and 5 cm from each, points 3 and 4 will 2 cm above points 1 and 2, and point 5 will be centered of points 1-4. A total of 2000 pulses at 0.25 mJ/mm2 will be delivered with a frequency of 3 pulses per second. The position of the shock wave applicator will be changed after every 400 pulses.

The apoptotic effect of LESW will be studied via histopathological examination for the type of bladder tumor, pathological stage, grade, association of carcinoma in situ and morphological features of apoptosis in terms of compaction of the nuclear chromatin (pyknosis), loss of cellular volume and chromatin condensation on the nuclear envelope (nuclear crescents), Immunohistochemical analysis of anti-caspase-3 antibody and molecular studies of Bax (an apoptotic promotor), BCL-2 and Survivin (apoptotic inhibitors) Relative Gene Expression in the resected bladder tissues.

The patients will receive intravesical chemotherapy or BCG immunotherapy and they will be followed up at outpatient clinic for two years by MRI, outpatient cystoscopy and cytology to identify the recurrence and progression rate of NMIBC.

Low Energy Shock Wave Therapy and Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Study of the Effect of Neoadjuvant Low Energy Shock Wave Therapy on Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Preliminary Pilot Controlled Clinical Trial

There is no current plan for whether to share IPD or not.

Mansoura University

Assistant Lecturer of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Principal Investigator

Gland and Hormone Related Diseases

Nervous System Diseases

Ovarian Neoplasms

Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial

Peripheral Nervous System Diseases

Neuromuscular Diseases

Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian Epithelial Cancer

Each patient will be given 15-18 treatments depending on response of 30-minute duration of photobiomodulation with the Realief Therapy system, scheduled every three times weekly for 5-6 weeks. The treatments will include laser exposure of any or all of 27 differentiated areas of the legs, feet, cervical spine region and lumbar spine region, for durations of 3 to 30 minutes, based on the symptom presentation at the time. Power densities will vary from 5 to 12 watts, based on the symptom presentations through the course of therapy.

The placebo group will receive sham treatment, during which a heat probe will be guided over both lower extremities over a period of 30 minutes, consistent with the treatment arm. The laser device will be activated during the treatment so that the visual and auditory environment prior to therapy will be the same for both treatment and sham control.

After 8 weeks of sham treatment the subjects in this arm will be offered the photobiomodulation combined with physiotherapy.

The photobiomodulation delivered by Realief Therapy involves amplitude wavelength light delivered by a class IV therapeutic laser.

photobiomodulation

All patients in sham treatment arm cross over to laser therapy followed by physiotherapy

Chiropractic massage and lymphedema treatment

Physiotherapy

Peter Argenta, MD

This is a 2-armed, randomized, sham-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial of photobiomodulation therapy using the Realief Therapy system. The patients will be randomized in a 3:4 ratio to treatment or sham arms.

The treatments will be administered by a Realief Neuropathy Center therapist. The target surface area and treatment durations will be dictated by the Realief Therapy protocol according to their proprietary algorithm, which includes assessment of geographic areas involved and the degree of neuropathy experienced. For the trial, each patient will be given 18 treatments of 30-minute duration, scheduled every three times weekly. The treatments will include laser exposure of any or all of 27 differentiated areas of the legs, feet, cervical spine region and lumbar spine region, for durations of 3 to 30 minutes, based on the symptom presentation at the time. Power densities will vary from 5 to 12 watts, based on the symptom presentations through the course of therapy.

Photobiomodulation Therapy Using the Realief Therapy System for the Treatment of Chemotherapy-associated Peripheral Neuropathy

Prospective, Randomized, Double Blind Study of Photobiomodulation Therapy Using the Realief Therapy System for the Treatment of Chemotherapy-associated Peripheral Neuropathy

For each patient, we will compute the difference between the total neuropathy score at 8 weeks (the end of treatment) and the total neuropathy score at the time of randomization. The mean change in score for the experimental group patients will be compared to the mean change in score for the control group patients using a two-sample t-test.

Scale scoring is 0-\<20 0 being no pain \<20 =severe

University of Minnesota

Each patient will be given 15-18 treatments depending on response of 30-minute duration of photobiomodulation with the Realief Therapy system, scheduled every three times weekly for 5-6 weeks. The treatments will include laser exposure of any or all of 27 differentiated areas of the legs, feet, cervical spine region and lumbar spine region, for durations of 3 to 30 minutes, based on the symptom presentation at the time. Power densities will vary from 5 to 12 watts, based on the symptom presentations through the course of therapy.

photobiomodulation: The photobiomodulation delivered by Realief Therapy involves amplitude wavelength light delivered by a class IV therapeutic laser.

Realief Therapy

The placebo group will receive sham treatment, during which a heat probe will be guided over both lower extremities over a period of 30 minutes, consistent with the treatment arm. The laser device will be activated during the treatment so that the visual and auditory environment prior to therapy will be the same for both treatment and sham control.

After 8 weeks of sham treatment the subjects in this arm will be offered the photobiomodulation combined with physiotherapy.

photobiomodulation: The photobiomodulation delivered by Realief Therapy involves amplitude wavelength light delivered by a class IV therapeutic laser.

Sham treatment: All patients in sham treatment arm cross over to laser therapy followed by physiotherapy

Physiotherapy: Chiropractic massage and lymphedema treatment

Total

Age, Categorical

Sex: Female, Male

Race (NIH/OMB)

United States

Region of Enrollment

Peter Argenta MD

Change of Total Neuropathy Score

Overall Study

Behaviors and Mental Disorders

Breast Neoplasms

Breast Diseases

Skin Diseases

Quality of Life

All Drugs and Chemicals

Tin Fluorides

non-contact Healing Touch treatment for 20-30 minutes once a week during the course of radiation therapy

A RN graduate assistant will provide a sham treatment of 20-30 minutes of presence.

The sham/placebo treatment will consist of the RN graduate assistant standing near the table, slowly walking around from each side and to the foot of the table stopping periodically. The RN graduate assistant will be instructed to not focus on the patient in thought. While providing the placebo treatment the RN graduate assistant will mentally do multiplication equations. This serves as a distracter to keep the RN graduate assistant from setting intention or thoughts on the participant. At no time will the RN performing the placebo treatment move hands or arms over or around the participant or come in physical contact with the participant. The placebo treatment will be a minimum of 20 minutes but no greater than 30 minutes in length. A timer will be set in the treatment room to notify the practitioner of the time limit.

Behavioral: Healing Touch The Healing Touch intervention will consist of a brief meditative state in which the practitioners sets the intention of healing for the session. A hand scan to assess the biofield; consists of a technique of where the practitioner slowly moves her hands three to six inches above the body going from head to toe, to assess for any disturbances in the biofield; a non-contact Healing Touch treatment which will follow, to include a connection of the chakras. The chakras are connected by placing the hands above the body over each chakra, starting at the feet and progressing to the head. This will be followed by smoothing the biofield, achieved by the Practitioner slowly moving her hands above the body from the head and moving towards the feet (Hover-Kramer et al., 1996). At no time will the Practitioner make physical contact with the participant during the treatment. The treatment will be 20 minutes to 30 minutes in length.

Healing Touch

Lisa L Schnepper, MSN, PhD (c)

Laura M Anderko, PhD

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Healing Touch to improve health-related quality of life in women with breast cancer receiving radiation therapy.

Research Hypothesis Healing Touch significantly improves health-related quality of life when compared to a placebo treatment, among women receiving radiation therapy for treatment of breast cancer.

Purpose/objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the CAM biofield therapy of Healing Touch to improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in women with breast cancer receiving radiation therapy. The proposed study will build on existing research by Cook, Guerrio and Slater (2004) who studied Healing Touch and HRQOL in women receiving radiation therapy for breast and gynecologic cancers. Outcome measures of HRQOL as measured by Short Form-36 (SF-36) tool were used (Norris et al. 2004). The SF-36 is a tool to measure HRQOL, a 36 item tool that measures nine domains of health: a) functional limitations in physical activity secondary to health problems, b) limitations in social activity secondary to physical or mental health issues, c) limitation in role activities secondary to physical health problems, d) limitation in role activities secondary emotional health problems, e) to pain, f) overall mental health, g) vitality, h) perceptions of health and i) health transitions (Norris et. al., 2004). Measurements were taken at baseline and end of study.

Cook et al (2004) found that all women in the study had improved scores on the HRQOL Short Form-36 (SF-36) tool used (Norris et al. 2004). Equally important, the women who received Healing Touch had greater improvement in all subscale scores in comparison to placebo treatment. The overall score on the SF-36 (p value .00) and areas of emotional role functioning (p value .00), mental health (p value .03) and health transitions (p value .00) had statistical significance in the Healing Touch treatment group. The placebo treatment group had statistical significance in the areas of physical role functioning (p value .00) and health transition (p value .01).In group comparisons of mean SF-36 scores, the Healing Touch group had statistically greater improvement, than the placebo group, with a p value of \< .05, in the areas of physical functioning, pain and vitality.

The total number of participants in the study was 62 women, with 38 who had gynecologic cancers and 24 participants with breast cancer. The number of breast cancer patients was inadequate to perform a separate statistical analysis of this sub-group (Cook et al., 2004). Therefore, this study will specifically focus on women with breast cancer to investigate the efficacy of using Healing Touch to improve HRQOL improvement in women with breast cancer receiving radiation therapy.

Research Aims The research aim of the proposed study is to determine the efficacy of Healing Touch in significantly improving HRQOL, as measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B)(Brady et al., 1997; Cella et al., 1993) scale among women receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer treatment (see Appendix A for FACT-B; see Appendix B for FACT-B scoring).

Research Hypothesis Healing Touch significantly improves HRQOL, as measured by the FACT-B, when compared to a placebo treatment, among women receiving radiation therapy for treatment of breast cancer.

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Temporal Cortex in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)	NCT04105530	Acute Lymphobla... Transcranial Di... Executive Dysfu...	Anodal tDCS tre... Cathodal tDCS t... Sham treatment NIH Toolbox Lis... NIH Toolbox Fla... Grooved Peg Boa... Buschke Selecti...	8 Years - 215 Months	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Sonalleve Fibroid Ablation Pivotal Clinical Trial for MR-HIFU of Uterine Fibroids	NCT01504308	Uterine Fibroid...	MR-HIFU treatme... Sham treatment	18 Years - 50 Years	Philips Healthcare
Low Energy Shock Wave Therapy and Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer	NCT04644835	Non-Muscle Inva...	Low Energy Shoc... Sham Treatment	18 Years - 90 Years	Mansoura University
Photobiomodulation Therapy Using the Realief Therapy System for the Treatment of Chemotherapy-associated Peripheral Neuropathy	NCT02000908	Chemotherapy-in...	photobiomodulat... Sham treatment Physiotherapy	18 Years -	University of Minnesota
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Temporal Cortex in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)	NCT04105530	Acute Lymphobla... Transcranial Di... Executive Dysfu...	Anodal tDCS tre... Cathodal tDCS t... Sham treatment NIH Toolbox Lis... NIH Toolbox Fla... Grooved Peg Boa... Buschke Selecti...	8 Years - 215 Months	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Healing Touch and Health-Related Quality of Life in Women With Breast Cancer Receiving Radiation Therapy	NCT00612443	Breast Neoplasm...	Sham treatment Healing Touch	18 Years -	University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
Low Energy Shock Wave Therapy and Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer	NCT04644835	Non-Muscle Inva...	Low Energy Shoc... Sham Treatment	18 Years - 90 Years	Mansoura University

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for sham treatment