Neoplasms

Blood and Lymph Conditions

All Conditions

Immune System Diseases

Rare Diseases

Leukemia

Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

Leukemia, Lymphoid

Lymphoma

Neoplasms by Histologic Type

Hematologic Diseases

Lymphoproliferative Disorders

Lymphatic Diseases

Immunoproliferative Disorders

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Acute Graft Versus Host Disease

Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Lymphosarcoma

On day one, participants will be randomized to receive the transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) intervention. On day two, participants receive sham intervention.

On both days 1 and 2, within two hours of completing the intervention, participants will complete cognitive assessment.

In the second phase of the trial, participants will be evaluated over 5 weeks using a mobile tDCS device and Brain Games Stimulation twice per week. Within two hours of completing each tDCS session, participants will complete 20 minutes of cognitive training using a mobile application installed on an iPad. Cognitive assessment will be conducted pre- and post-intervention using remote assessment.

On day one, participants will be randomized to receive sham intervention. On day two, participants receive the transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) intervention.

On both days 1 and 2, within two hours of completing the intervention, participants will complete cognitive assessment.

The second phase of the trial will be conducted the same as for participants in the tDCS on Day 1 arm. Participants will be evaluated over 5 weeks using a mobile tDCS device and Brain Games Stimulation twice per week. Within two hours of completing each tDCS session, participants will complete 20 minutes of cognitive training using a mobile application installed on an iPad. Cognitive testing will be conducted pre- and post-intervention using remote assessment.

transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) involves modulation of cerebral cortex excitability by the application of weak direct current to the scalp. tDCS is a technique that applies safe, low level direct current through large pads on the scalp to stimulate the underlying brain region, with current level \< 0.10 C/cm2. Direct current is transferred by a pair of saline-soaked sponges from the anode to the cathode.

transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)

The sham intervention will be used in both arms with one arm receiving the sham intervention on day 1 and the other receiving the sham intervention on day 2. The sham procedure provides the same small current during ramp up to imitate the intervention, but the current is discontinued after ramp up and no intervention is provided. Direct current is transferred by a pair of saline-soaked sponges from the anode to the cathode.

Sham

Three tests will be used to evaluate cognitive function: Dimensional Change Card Sort Test, Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test, and List Sorting Working Memory Test. These measures have a computerized format and are nationally standardized.

The Gray Oral Reading Test measures reading comprehension. Participants are asked to read a set of passages and recall specific details from the stories.

The Woodcock Johnson Understanding Directions measures listening comprehension. Participants listen to a series of complex instructions, then follow the directions by pointing to various objects in a colored picture.

Cognitive Assessment

Cognitive exercises using the Lumosity Brain Games program will be used simultaneously with the tDCS intervention. Participants will be asked to engage in training for 20 minutes a day, two days per week over 5 weeks. This program involves cognitive exercises designed to enhance executive function and processing speed.

Brain Games Stimulation

Kevin Krull, PhD

A common and potentially debilitating late effect of childhood cancer treatment is neurocognitive impairment, frequently in the domain of executive dysfunction, which can limit educational attainment, employment, and quality of life. Among the survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the SJLIFE cohort, the frequency of executive function impairment has been shown as high as 58.8%, with moderate to severe impairment as high as 33.5%, and risk for impairment increased with time from diagnosis. Given the potential of pervasive impact of neurocognitive impairment on daily life, interventions directed at reducing neurocognitive dysfunction among childhood cancer survivors with long-term follow-up are needed. This study examines the potential feasibility and efficacy of a novel intervention to improve executive function.

Primary Objectives:

* To evaluate the feasibility of a home-based intervention using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and cognitive training in adult survivors of childhood ALL participating in the SJLIFE protocol at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (SJCRH).

Secondary Objectives:

* To estimate the efficacy of a tDCS intervention paired with cognitive training.
* To explore the short-term effect of tDCS on measures of executive function among adult survivors of childhood ALL participating in the SJLIFE protocol

tDCS is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation and is a potentially useful tool to enhance cognitive function. This study uses an at-home intervention of tDCS and cognitive training and examines its potential usefulness at improving executive function in ALL survivors.

Investigators will use tDCS to apply a low electrical current to the participant's scalp in the area of the brain associated with fluent and flexible thinking. The current may make that area of the brain work better for a short period of time. During this time, the participant will play computer games designed to train the brain to work more fluently flexibly. Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital want to see if pairing the electrical stimulation with the brain games at home is a feasible method to improve cognitive abilities in long-term survivors of childhood ALL.

In the first part of this study, the short-term effect of tDCS intervention will be evaluated in the clinical setting using a randomized cross-over trial. The survivors will be randomized to receive either the tDCS intervention or Sham on day 1, with the other treatment given on day 2. Neurocognitive testing will be conducted within two hours of completing stimulation each day.

In the second part of this study, the feasibility and potential efficacy of self-administration of the tDCS intervention paired with cognitive training will be evaluated over 5 weeks. Research participants will be taught to use the mobile tDCS device and will be provided one to take home. The device will be programmed by the investigators in advance to control the intensity and duration of the stimulation. The research participants will use the device twice per week as directed. Within two hours of completing each tDCS session participants will complete 20 minutes of cognitive training using a mobile app installed on an iPad. Neurocognitive testing will be conducted pre- and post- intervention.

Treatment for Executive Dysfunction in Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Feasibility and Efficacy of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Cognitive Training for Executive Dysfunction in Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

This outcome measures the feasibility of remote tDCS and cognitive training. The trial will be considered feasible if at least 50% of the survivors are able to complete 5 sessions (tDCS along with cognitive stimulation) successfully out of 10.

Digit Span Forward, Longest Digits Forward: 0-9; higher score indicates more digits recalled. Higher scores are better.

The CCSS-NCQ is a 25 item self-report questionnaire to assess cognitive function across multiple domains in cancer survivors. Participant responses range from 1-3 for each item with higher score indicating more problems. Domain scores are created by summing the relevant item scores for each domain. Score ranges:

* NCQ Task Efficiency: 9-27.
* NCQ Emotional Regulation: 3-9.
* NCQ Organization: 3-9.
* NCQ Memory: 4-12.

The Card Sort Task measures cognitive flexibility and attention. Pictures are presented varying along two dimensions (e.g., shape and color). Participants must sort the pictures based on a given dimension. Scores range from 0-40 with higher scores indicating better function.

The Flanker Task measures attention and inhibitory control. Participant focuses on a given stimulus while inhibiting attention to stimuli flanking it. Scores range from 0-40 with higher scores indicating better function.

The Working Memory Task measures working memory. Participant recalls and sequences different visually and orally presented stimuli. Scores range from 0-28 with higher scores indicating better working memory.

Digit Span Backward, Longest Digits Backward: 0-8; higher score indicates more digits recalled. Higher scores are better.

Verbal Fluency: minimum 0 with no maximum; Count of how many words were generated in 60 seconds per letter with three letters used with no top limit. Higher scores are better.

Oral Trail Making Part A: minimum 0 with no maximum amount of time in seconds to say the given letters and numbers. Higher scores are worse.

Oral Trail Making Part B: minimum 0 with no maximum amount of time in seconds to say the given letters and numbers. Higher scores are worse.

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

PRISE assesses presence of side effects for several biological systems. For each organ/function system, the participant indicates the presence of a side effect, and if present, the tolerability of the side effect (tolerable or distressing). FISER and GRSEB assess side effect impact: frequency, intensity, and burden. Each domain is rated on a 7- point Likert scale.

On Campus Sham tDCS

On Campus tDCS

Participants completed 10 stimulation sessions over 5 weeks using a mobile tDCS device twice per week. Within two hours of completing each tDCS session, participants will complete 20 minutes of cognitive training using a mobile application installed on an iPad.

At Home tDCS

During campus visit, following randomized design each participant completed tDCS set to sham, tDCS equipment set to active condition, during two consecutive days. Participants who completed the campus visit session and evaluation then were to complete a single arm treatment of 10 stimulation sessions over 5 weeks using a mobile tDCS device twice per week. Within two hours of completing each tDCS session, participants were to complete 20 minutes of cognitive training using a mobile application installed on an iPad.

Overall Study

Age, Continuous

Sex: Female, Male

Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)

Race (NIH/OMB)

Thirty one participants completed both the tDCS equipment set to sham condition and the tDCS equipment set to active condition. Two of the 33 participants who began the overall study did not complete the second day of the campus visit. Of the 31 who completed both days of the campus visit, 28 completed the at home portion.

All participants completed 10 stimulation sessions over 5 weeks using a mobile tDCS device twice per week. Within two hours of completing each tDCS session, participants will complete 20 minutes of cognitive training using a mobile application installed on an iPad.

At Home Feasibility of tDCS Intervention

Participant enrollment for At Home Feasibility of tDCS intervention n=28 Participants Analyzed (Week 5 reported n=25)

Feasibility of At Home tDCS Intervention

At Home tDCS - Baseline

At Home tDCS - Follow-Up

Digit Span Forward

Task Efficiency

Memory

Organization

Emotional Regulation

Participants completed NCQ questionnaire examiner read

Neurocognitive Questionnaire: CCSS-NCQ

NIH Toolbox Card Sort Task

NIH Toolbox Flanker Task

NIH Toolbox Working Memory Function

Digit Span Backward

Verbal Fluency

Oral Trail Making Part A

Oral Trail Making Part B

Participants completed tDCS set to sham, tDCS equipment set to active condition, then were to complete 10 stimulation sessions over 5 weeks using a mobile tDCS device twice per week. Within two hours of completing each tDCS session, participants were to complete 20 minutes of cognitive training using a mobile application installed on an iPad.

Remotely delivered active tDCS + cognitive training

Remotely delivered sham tDCS + cognitive training

Participants will receive active 1mA direct current stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 20 minutes. Cognitive training: Participants will complete 20 minutes of online cognitive training via Lumosity two days per week for a 6-month intervention period.

Active tDCS

Participants will receive sham (no direct current) stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 20 minutes. Cognitive training: Participants will complete 20 minutes of online cognitive training via Lumosity two days per week for a 6-month intervention period.

Sham tDCS

Tara Brinkman, PhD

Long-term survivors of ALL are at-risk for neurocognitive impairment, particularly in the area of executive functioning. Relatively limited research has focused on interventions for improving neurocognitive outcomes in long-term survivors of ALL. A promising technique for cognitive enhancement is Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) which differs from conventional cognitive remediation approaches in that it directly stimulates specific brain regions responsible for cognitive processes and activates functional networks similar to those activated during cognitive training.

Primary Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of home-based transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) paired with remote cognitive training on direct testing of executive function in survivors of ALL.

Secondary Objectives

* To evaluate the efficacy of home-based transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) paired with remote cognitive training on patient-reported symptoms of executive dysfunction in survivors of ALL.
* To examine the effects of home-based tDCS paired with remote cognitive training on patterns of regional brain activation as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging.
* To examine the effects of home-based tDCS paired with remote cognitive training on white matter integrity and structure as measured by diffusion tensor imaging.

Eligible participants will be randomized to receive 1 mA direct current stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or placebo/sham for 20 minutes. All participants will receive home-based computerized cognitive training. Participants will complete tDCS paired with cognitive training 2 times per week for 6-months.

Neurostimulation In Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Digit Span Backward: Digit Span Backward (DSB), from the Digit Span subtest on the WAIS-IV, is a measure of working memory. The number of digits recalled in the longest span is converted to a standard z-score using age-based norms (Mean=0, SD=1).

Trail Making Test Part B (Trails B): This is a timed task that requires a participant to shift his/her attention adaptively and flexibly. Age-based standardized z-scores are calculated (Mean=0, SD=1).

Controlled Oral Word Association (COWA): This is a task of cognitive/verbal fluency that measures spontaneous production of words beginning with a designated letter or category. Age-based standardized z-scores are calculated (Mean=0, SD=1).

Patient reported symptoms of executive dysfunction will be evaluated via the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Neurocognitive Questionnaire (CCSS-NCQ). The CCSS-NCQ is a 32-item questionnaire evaluating 4 domains of executive function. Z-scores (M=0, SD=1) are calculated using sibling data from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Patient reported symptoms of executive dysfunction will be evaluated via the Behavior Rating Inventory for Executive Function - Adult Version (BRIEF-A). The BRIEF-A is a 75-item measure of executive function that provides age- and sex-specific national normative data for nine domains of executive function (T-Score, M=50, SD=10).

White connectivity will be measured via diffusion tensor imaging and resting state fMRI (rsFMRI). The cortex will be parcellated into anatomical regions based on the high-resolution T1-weighted imaging using the FreeSurfer software (http://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/). Probabilistic fiber tracking will be performed for individual seed points within the gray matter/white matter surface for each parcellated cortical region to evaluate strength of the connectivity between each individual region and every other region. The current project will focus analyses on the frontostriatal connections from the DLPFC to the striatum. rsfMRI data will be used to construct functional connectomes for each participant at each time point. We will measure several common connectome properties including global and local efficiency. Connectome modularity, degree distribution, and hub characteristics will also be measured.

Regional brain activation will be assessed using an N-Back Task. This task requires a participant to respond to a presented stimulus only when it is the same as one presented on a trial at a predetermined number prior to the current trial. For this study, we plan to use 1-back and 2-back trials. Improved efficiency will be defined as reduced activation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during performance on the N-Back task during the fMRI. Using Statistical Parametric Mapping software (SPM12, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, London), contrast-images from the fixed-effect analysis in each subject will be used for second level random-effect analysis to create group activation maps. These contrasts include pre- v. post-intervention imaging during the N-back task. Participants assigned to active stimulation will then be contrasted to those assigned to sham stimulation.

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

One stimulation will be conducted using Anodal treatment.

The Direct Current Anodal Stimulation will be applied for 20 minutes for each stimulation period. Brief neurocognitive testing will be conducted during each stimulation session.

A final stimulation will be conducted using Cathodal stimulation. Direct Current Cathodal Stimulation will be applied for 20 minutes for each stimulation period. Brief neurocognitive testing will be conducted during each stimulation session.

The sham procedure provides the same small current during ramp up to imitate the intervention, but the current is discontinued after ramping up and no intervention is provided. Sham will be applied for 20 minutes.Stimulation will start 5 minutes before testing and continue throughout completing the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery at each trial:"

The Anodal intervention excites neuronal activity. For condition one, the anode will be attached to the left frontal region (Fp1) and the cathode will be attached to the right neck. The intervention involves a direct current of 1 mA applied for 20 minutes.

Anodal tDCS treatment

The Cathodal intervention inhibits or reduces neuronal activity. We propose that the use of the cathodal tDCS to the superior temporal gyrus in survivors of childhood ALL may facilitate the inhibition of over connected motor-sensory and auditory neural networks. For condition two, the cathode will be attached to the left temporal region (T3) and the anode will be attached to the right neck. The intervention involves a direct current of 1 mA applied for 20 minutes.

Cathodal tDCS treatment

The sham procedure provides the same small current during ramp up to imitate the intervention, but the current is discontinued after ramping up and no intervention is provided. Sham will be applied for 20 minutes. Stimulation will start 5 minutes before testing and continue throughout completing the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery at each trial.

Sham treatment

List Sorting is using information processing and storage. Performance tends to peak in early adulthood and then decline across the life span. This task assesses working memory and requires the participant to sequence different visually- and orally-presented stimuli. The list scoring task takes approximately 7 minutes to administer. List Sorting is scored by summing the total number of items correctly recalled and sequenced on Lists-1 and -2, which can range from 0-26.

NIH Toolbox List Sorting Working Memory Test

The Flanker tests inhibitory control and attention and the capacity for new learning and information processing novel situations. This performance also reaches a peak in early adulthood and tends to decline across the life span. A total of 40 trials require 4 minutes. Scoring is based on both accuracy and reaction time, which will we evaluate individually as well as in combination. The raw scores are converted to a scale score with a mean of 100 and SD of 15. Higher scores indicate higher executive function.

NIH Toolbox Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test

The Grooved Peg Board test measures visual-motor coordination and motor speed. Additionally, it is cognitively challenging and has been associated with attention, perceptual speed and non-verbal reasoning. Performance is better in the dominant/preferred hand and tends to improve in childhood and decline with advancing age. The test consists of placing metal pegs with ridges along onside in matching slots as quickly as possible. The score is the time in seconds required to compete the array with each hand. Longer times reflect worse performance. Times are compared to normative data that is organized by ethnicity, age, gender and education. The test takes approximately 5 minutes to complete.

Grooved Peg Board Test

This selective reminding task purports to distinguish verbal memory into short-term and long-term components. Scores are organized by short- and long-term storage and retrieval with normative scores organized by age and gender. The task requires participants to remember a list of orally-presented words and recall them with selective reminders of the words that they didn't recall. The test will last 5-10 minutes and is available in four different versions, thus reducing rehearsal effects.

Buschke Selective Reminding Test

Nicholas S Phillips, MD, PhD

Brief Overview: Children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer will experience problems with learning, memory and attention during and after completing their cancer therapy. There are many factors that contribute to this problem, but investigators have recently identified that chemotherapy agents used in treating Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) may disrupt normal brain development.

A novel device has been developed that may help correct this disruption. Direct Current Stimulation (DCS) uses a very low level of constant electrical current to stimulate specific parts of the brain. It has been used in patients with stroke to great benefit. Our study at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is designed to see if this technique will benefit survivors of childhood cancer. Specifically, investigators wish to see if stimulating one part of the brain gives a greater benefit than stimulating another part of the brain.

Primary Objective

Evaluate the feasibility of conducting repeated on-site Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in children who are long-term survivors of

Secondary Objectives

* To estimate the potential efficacy for powering a future larger study using tDCS to improve cognitive performance in children by suppressing over connected neural hubs in long-term survivors of childhood ALL.
* To compare the performance of anodal stimulation of the frontal lobe to cathodal suppression of the superior temporal lobe on cognitive performance.

Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three intervention arms. Two brief stimulation periods will be conducted on day one. One brief stimulation will be scheduled in the morning and a second brief stimulation will be scheduled in the afternoon. A final stimulation will be conducted on day two. Direct Current Stimulation will be applied for 20 minutes for each stimulation period. Brief neurocognitive testing will be conducted during each stimulation session.

Enrollment is on hold per institutional COVID-19 guidelines

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Temporal Cortex in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

The trial will be considered feasible if at least 30 survivors are able to complete 3 sessions (tDCS along with cognitive testing).

BSRT is a test that evaluates verbal memory performance

WM is a test that evaluates information processing and storage performance

Flanker is a test that evaluates attention and inhibitory control

GPB is a test that evaluates visual-motor coordination and motor speed

Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases

Behaviors and Mental Disorders

Breast Neoplasms

Cognitive Dysfunction

Neurocognitive Disorders

Breast Diseases

Skin Diseases

Cognition Disorders

Mental Disorders

Psychotic Disorders

This arm will receive a 5-month (20 weeks) supervised exercise program based on aerobic and resistance/strength training together with a weekly calorie or step challenge.

This arm will receive a 5-month (20 weeks) supervised and simultaneous dual-task program based on aerobic, resistance, and cognitive stimulation training together with a weekly calorie or step challenge

This arm will receive a 5-month health and wellness program.

Participants will complete a 5-month exercise program structured in 4 blocks of 5 weeks. Three supervised and combined aerobic/strength exercise sessions each week will be performed together with an aerobic weekly challenge. Aerobic exercise will be performed for 20-30 minutes using a treadmill, bicycle, or circuit training at light to moderate intensities (40-75% of heart rate reserve) during the first two blocks; gradually achieving high intensity (\>75% of HHR) in the last two blocks. Heart rate and the subjective perception of the exertion scale (6-20 Borg scale) will be monitored. Strength exercises will be started at light to moderate intensities (2 sets of 15-20 repetitions at 40-50% of repetition maximum), performed muscle actions at high intensities in the last two blocks (2 sets of 8-15 repetitions at 50-75% RM); using elastic bands, free weights, and weights gym exercises.

Exercise

Participants will complete the same four-block exercise program in terms of type, frequency, intensity, and volume of physical/motor training. Simultaneous with the progression of physical/motor training, the complexity of cognitive stimulation will be increased according to the performance of the participants. General dual-task training will be performed, which describes the use of a physical/motor intervention with different cognitive stimulations (memory, language, intelligence, attention, processing speed, calculation, inhibitory control) that are not specific to the methods to be used for their assessment.

Motor-cognitive Training

Participants randomly assigned to the health and wellness group will be advised and re-educated to support and improve health aspects. Participants in this group will aim to achieve the physical activity recommendations, and in addition, they will receive bi-weekly emails and phone call coaching with tools to empower patients with knowledge about physical exercise, nutrition, and brain health guidelines. Following completion of the 5-month exercise program, this group will receive an exercise program for 12 weeks.

Health and Wellness

Jesus Orellana

Luis Carrasco Páez, PhD

Jorge Tihriet

Alfonso J García González

Lourdes Valero

Matilde Mora Fernández, PhD

Jesús Orellana Jaén

The goal of this interventional study is to assess the effects of either physical exercise program or combined with cognitive training (dual motor and cognitive training program) on breast cancer survivors. The main questions it aims to answer are:

* Analyze the effectiveness of a supervised dual-task training program or a physical exercise program on the executive functions of the participants.
* Evaluate the impact of both interventions on physical function, emotional aspects, and important biomarkers related to muscle-brain crosstalk.

Participants will perform a 20-week supervised and controlled program, three times a week, along with weekly calorie and step challenges.

Researchers will compare the dual-task training group, with the physical exercise group, and with a control group, which will perform the guideline recommendations of physical activity (non-supervised) to see how these intervention approaches can impact cognitive functions, physical functions, emotional aspects, and biomarkers related to muscle-brain crosstalk.

Assessments will take place at three-time points: at baseline, after the intervention (20 weeks post-baseline) and after a 12-week follow-up period (32 weeks post-baseline).

This study has been designed as a randomised, controlled, longitudinal (20 weeks), three-arm, parallel study with a follow-up phase (12 weeks).

Regarding the control of experimental bias, simple blinding will be used. Thus, participants will be blinded to the research problem. They will be informed that three interventions will be applied (without comment on specific details of each one) randomly allocated, to compare the impact on cognitive functions, circulating levels of certain biomarkers, and different symptoms associated with breast cancer. Therefore, study participants will not be able to know to which experimental or control group they belong.

Motor-cognitive Training Effects on Cognition in Breast Cancer Survivors: the BRAINonFIT Study (BRAINonFIT).

Motor-cognitive Training Effects on Cancer-related Cognitive Impairment and Muscle-brain Crosstalk Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Survivors: the BRAINonFIT Study

Trail Making Test A and B (minimum and maximum values, defined by the time in seconds, depend on the age- and education-normalised groups; higher scores mean worse results)

Stroop Color and Word test (minimum and maximum values, defined by the time in seconds, depend on the age- and education-normalised groups; higher scores mean worse results)

Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scale (Global index values range from ≤ 69 to ≥ 130, mean value of 100; higher scores mean better results)

Wechsler Memory Scale subtest "word pairs" (The subtest score range from 40 to 60, mean value of 100; higher scores mean better results)

Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy: Cognition (FACT-Cog) (Total score ranges from 0 to 148; higher scores mean better results)

Spirometry (FEV/FVC ratio, represented in percentages)

Accelerometer (Volume in minutes per week)

Accelerometer (Intensity in metabolic equivalents)

Body Mass Index (weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m\^2)

Concentration of these proteins in plasma by ELISA kit (Concentration of these proteins will be expressed in pg/mL or ng/mL)

Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy: Fatigue (FACIT-F) (Total score range from 0 to 52; higher scores mean better results)

Visual Analogue Scale (Total score ranges from 0 to 10; higher scores mean worse results)

Back Depression Inventory (Total score ranges from 0 to 63; higher scores mean worse results)

State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (The score ranges from 20 to 80; higher scores mean worse results)

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization
Treatment for Executive Dysfunction in Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	NCT02336282	Acute Lymphobla...	transcranial Di... Sham Cognitive Asses... Brain Games Sti...	18 Years -	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Neurostimulation In Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)	NCT04007601	Acute Lymphobla...	Active tDCS Sham tDCS	18 Years - 39 Years	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Neurostimulation In Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)	NCT04007601	Acute Lymphobla...	Active tDCS Sham tDCS	18 Years - 39 Years	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Temporal Cortex in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)	NCT04105530	Acute Lymphobla... Transcranial Di... Executive Dysfu...	Anodal tDCS tre... Cathodal tDCS t... Sham treatment NIH Toolbox Lis... NIH Toolbox Fla... Grooved Peg Boa... Buschke Selecti...	8 Years - 215 Months	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Motor-cognitive Training Effects on Cognition in Breast Cancer Survivors: the BRAINonFIT Study (BRAINonFIT).	NCT06073717	Breast Cancer S... Cognitive Impai... Executive Dysfu...	Exercise Motor-cognitive... Health and Well...	25 Years - 65 Years	University of Seville
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Temporal Cortex in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)	NCT04105530	Acute Lymphobla... Transcranial Di... Executive Dysfu...	Anodal tDCS tre... Cathodal tDCS t... Sham treatment NIH Toolbox Lis... NIH Toolbox Fla... Grooved Peg Boa... Buschke Selecti...	8 Years - 215 Months	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for executive dysfunction