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See detailed description. Closed to accrual as of 09/2010).

vincristine sulfate

prednisone

doxorubicin hydrochloride

pegaspargase

cytarabine

methotrexate

dexamethasone

etoposide

cyclophosphamide

leucovorin calcium

filgrastim

asparaginase

mercaptopurine

Glen Lew, MD

This randomized phase III trial is studying low-dose vincristine to see how well it works compared with high-dose vincristine when given together with different combination chemotherapy regimens in treating young patients with intermediate-risk relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Giving more than one drug (combination chemotherapy) and giving the drugs in different ways and different doses may kill more cancer cells..

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Determine the efficacy of an intensive chemotherapy regimen (based on POG-9412) for pediatric patients with intermediate-risk relapsed B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine levels of minimal residual disease (MRD) present at the end of the first \& third blocks of Induction and determine if higher MRD levels at these times identify patients at higher risk of relapse who might be candidates for alternative therapies in future trials.

II. To determine whether common polymorphisms in candidate genes are associated with the frequency of vincristine adverse effects (peripheral neuropathy, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion \[SIADH\], or constipation) and with anti-leukemic response (level of end-Induction MRD).

III. Compare, descriptively, the outcomes of patients treated with combination chemotherapy vs those treated with matched sibling-related donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (for those with eligible donors).

IV. To use deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) arrays to characterize patterns of gene expression that predict treatment failure, and to compare gene expression profiles at the time of relapse with those at initial diagnosis to gain an understanding of the pathways that may be involved in disease resistance.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter, randomized study. Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment regimens (randomization closed as of 09/2010).

INDUCTION THERAPY 1 (WEEKS 1-5):

Regimen A: Patients receive low-dose vincristine intravenously (IV) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22; prednisone orally (PO) 3 times daily (TID) on days 1-28; doxorubicin hydrochloride IV over 15 minutes on day 1; pegaspargase intramuscularly (IM) on days 2, 8, 15, and 22; cytarabine intrathecally (IT) on day 1; and methotrexate IT\* on days 15 and 29.

Regimen B: (closed to accrual as of 09/2010)\*\*\*: Patients receive high-dose vincristine IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 and prednisone, doxorubicin hydrochloride, pegaspargase, cytarabine, and methotrexate\* as in Regimen A.

NOTE: \*Central nervous system (CNS)-positive patients do not receive methotrexate IT. In both arms, CNS-positive patients receive intrathecal triple therapy (ITT) comprising methotrexate IT, hydrocortisone IT, and cytarabine IT on days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29. CNS-positive patients not achieving remission after induction therapy 1 receive one additional dose of ITT on day 36. Patients in both arms then proceed to induction therapy 2\*\*.

NOTE: \*\*Patients who are CNS-positive at relapse receive induction therapy 3 BEFORE induction therapy 2.

NOTE: \*\*\*Patients already enrolled on Regimen B are crossover to Regimen A.

INDUCTION THERAPY 2 (WEEKS 6-10 or 7-11): Once blood counts recover, all patients receive etoposide phosphate IV over = 1 hour and cyclophosphamide IV over 1 hour on days 1-5; high-dose methotrexate IV continuously over 24 hours on day 22; leucovorin calcium IV or PO beginning 42 hours after start of high-dose methotrexate and continuing every 6 hours for at least 3 doses; and methotrexate IT\* on days 1 and 22. Patients also receive filgrastim (G-CSF) IV or subcutaneously (SC) beginning on day 6 and continuing until blood counts recover.

NOTE: \*CNS-positive patients do not receive methotrexate IT. CNS-positive patients receive ITT on days 1 and 22. Patients with testicular-relapse with persistent testicular disease at the end of induction therapy 1 undergo testicular radiotherapy once daily (QD), 5 days a week, for 12 days during induction therapy 2\*\*.

NOTE: \*\*Radiotherapy should be completed before beginning high-dose methotrexate (week 9) chemotherapy.

All patients then proceed to induction therapy 3.

INDUCTION THERAPY 3 (WEEKS 11-15 or 12-16): All patients receive high-dose cytarabine IV over 3 hours on days 1, 2, 8, and 9, and asparaginase IM on days 2 and 9. Patients also receive G-CSF IV or SC beginning on day 10 and continuing until blood counts recover. Patients with a suitable HLA-matched related donor are removed from study and proceed to stem cell transplantation. Patients without a suitable HLA-matched related donor proceed to intensification therapy 1 (as per their randomized regimen in induction therapy 1).

INTENSIFICATION THERAPY 1 (WEEKS 16-27 or 17-28):

Regimen A: Patients receive low-dose vincristine IV and high-dose methotrexate IV continuously over 24 hours on day 1; leucovorin calcium IV or orally beginning 42 hours after start of high-dose methotrexate and continuing every 6 hours for at least 3 doses; oral mercaptopurine once daily on days 2-6; etoposide phosphate IV over ≥ 1 hour and cyclophosphamide IV over 1 hour on day 8; and methotrexate IT\* on day 15. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 4 courses (with the exception of IT methotrexate which repeats for only 3 courses).

Regimen B: Patients receive high-dose vincristine IV on day 1 and high-dose methotrexate, leucovorin calcium, mercaptopurine, etoposide phosphate, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate IT\* as in Regimen A. (closed to accrual as of 09/2010)

NOTE: \*CNS-positive patients do not receive methotrexate IT. CNS-positive patients receive ITT on day 15. ITT repeats every 3 weeks for 3 courses.

NOTE: \*\* Patients already enrolled on Regimen B are crossover to Regimen A.

Patients in both regimens then proceed to reinduction therapy (as per their randomized regimen in induction therapy 1).

REINDUCTION THERAPY (WEEKS 28-32 or 29-33):

Regimen A: Patients receive low-dose vincristine IV and doxorubicin hydrochloride IV over 15 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15, oral dexamethasone twice daily on days 1-7 and 15-21, pegaspargase IM on days 2 and 15, and methotrexate IT\* on days 1 and 28.

Regimen B: Patients receive high-dose vincristine IV on days 1, 8, and 15 and doxorubicin hydrochloride, dexamethasone, pegaspargase, and methotrexate IT\* as in Regimen A. (closed to accrual as of 09/2010)

NOTE: \*CNS-positive patients do not receive methotrexate IT. CNS-positive patients receive ITT on days 1 and 28.

NOTE: \*\* Patients already enrolled on Regimen B are crossover to Regimen A. Patients in both regimens then proceed to intensification therapy 2 (as per their randomized regimen in induction therapy 1).

INTENSIFICATION THERAPY 2 (WEEKS 33-56 or 34-57):

Regimen A: Once blood counts recover, patients receive high-dose cytarabine IV over 3 hours on days 1 and 2; pegaspargase IM on day 2; low-dose vincristine IV on days 22 and 29; high-dose methotrexate IV on day 22; leucovorin calcium IV or orally beginning 42 hours after start of high-dose methotrexate and continuing every 6 hours for at least 3 doses; oral mercaptopurine once daily on days 23-27; etoposide phosphate IV over ≥ 1 hour and cyclophosphamide IV over 1 hour on day 29; and methotrexate IT\* on day 36. Patients also receive G-CSF IV or SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. Treatment repeats every 42 days for 4 courses (with the exception of IT methotrexate which only repeats for 3 courses).

Regimen B: Patients receive high-dose cytarabine, high-dose methotrexate, leucovorin calcium, pegaspargase, mercaptopurine, etoposide phosphate, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate IT\*, and G-CSF as in Regimen A. Patients also receive high-dose vincristine IV on days 22 and 29.

NOTE: \*CNS-positive patients do not receive methotrexate IT. CNS-positive patients receive ITT on day 36. Treatment repeats every 6 weeks for 3 courses.

Patients in both regimens then proceed to maintenance therapy (as per their randomized regimen in induction therapy 1).

MAINTENANCE THERAPY (week 57-106 or 58-107):

Regimen A: Patients receive methotrexate IT on day 1\* and then PO on days 8, 15, 22, 29, and 36; mercaptopurine PO QD on days 1-42; dexamethasone PO twice daily (BID) on days 1-5; and low-dose vincristine IV and cyclophosphamide IV over 1 hour on days 43, 50, 57, and 64. Treatment repeats every 70 days for 5 courses.

Regimen B: Patients receive methotrexate\*, mercaptopurine, dexamethasone, and cyclophosphamide as in Regimen A. Patients also receive high-dose vincristine IV on days 43, 50, 57, and 64.

NOTE: \*CNS-positive patients receive methotrexate IT on day 1, instead of oral methotrexate.

Beginning in week 1 of the first maintenance therapy course, patients with CNS relapse undergo cranial radiotherapy QD, 5 days a week, for 10 days. Patients with CNS relapse do not receive any IT therapy during maintenance therapy.

After completion of study therapy, patients are followed periodically for 5 years.

Low-Dose or High-Dose Vincristine and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients With Relapsed B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Intensive Treatment for Intermediate-Risk Relapse of Childhood B-precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): A Randomized Trial of Vincristine Strategies

Select individual patient-level data from this trial can be requested from the NCTN/NCORP Data Archive

Percentage of patients who were event free at 3 years among those on Standard VCR dosing who did not undergo Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (SCT).

Percentage of patients who developed at least 1 episode of grade 2 to 4 neuropathy.

Percent of unfavorable gene expression profile of early versus late marrow relapse.

Percentage of patients who had minimal residual disease (MRD) \< 0.01% among those with isolated BM or combined BM relapse \>= 36 months and had successful MRD determinations at End Block 1

Percentage of patients who had minimal residual disease (MRD) \< 0.01% among those with isolated BM or combined BM relapse \>= 36 months and had successful MRD determinations at End Block 3.

Percentage of patients who were event free at 3 years among those with isolated BM or combined BM relapse \>= 36 months.

Adjusted percentage of patients who were event free at 3 years. For patients who received matched donor SCT, EFS was adjusted to start from the actual SCT date. For patients who did not undergo SCT, EFS was adjusted to start from median time to SCT based on patients who received matched related SCT (where patients who had events prior to SCT date were excluded from the calculation of median time to SCT).

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Children's Oncology Group

Only eligible patients are included in the toxicity adverse events for both serious and other.

See detailed description.

vincristine sulfate: Given IV

prednisone: Given PO

doxorubicin hydrochloride: Given IV

pegaspargase: Given IM

cytarabine: Given IT or IV

methotrexate: Given IT or IV

dexamethasone: Given PO

etoposide: Given IV

cyclophosphamide: Given IV

leucovorin calcium: Given IV or PO

filgrastim: Given IV or SC

asparaginase: Given IM

mercaptopurine: Given PO

Regimen A: Standard Vincristine Dosing

See detailed description. Closed to accrual as of 09/2010).

vincristine sulfate: Given IV

prednisone: Given PO

doxorubicin hydrochloride: Given IV

pegaspargase: Given IM

cytarabine: Given IT or IV

methotrexate: Given IT or IV

dexamethasone: Given PO

etoposide: Given IV

cyclophosphamide: Given IV

leucovorin calcium: Given IV or PO

filgrastim: Given IV or SC

asparaginase: Given IM

mercaptopurine: Given PO

Arm B: Randomized High Dose Vincristine Regimen

Standard VCR dosing (1.5 mg/m\^2, max 2 mg)

Intensive VCR dosing (2 mg/m\^2, max 2.5 mg)

Total

Age, Continuous

Sex: Female, Male

Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)

Race (NIH/OMB)

Results Reporting Coordinator

The analysis is limited to eligible patients on regimen A (Standard VCR dosing) who did not undergo SCT.

Event Free Survival. EFS

CC or CT genotype

High-risk CEP72 genotype (TT at rs924607)

This analysis looks at all eligible patients with CC or CT genotypes as well as all eligible patients with the high-risk CEP72 genotype (TT at rs924607).

All Patients

The total number of patients for CC or CT genotype is 81 and for high-risk CEP72 genotype is 18. No related by arm data were provided.

Frequency and Severity of Adverse Effects

The data were not collected due to the lack of funds.

Gene Expression Profile

Regimen A

Regimen B

This analysis is limited to all eligible patients with isolated BM or combined BM relapse \>= 36 months and had successful MRD determinations at End Block 1.

Rate of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) < 0.01% at End Block 1

Standard VCR dosing (1.5 mg/m\^2, max 2mg)

This analysis is limited to all eligible patients with isolated BM or combined BM relapse \>= 36 months and had successful MRD determinations at End Block 3.

Rate of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) < 0.01% at End Block 3

MRD < 0.01% BL1

MRD >= 0.01% BL1

MRD < 0.01% BL3

MRD >= 0.01% BL3

The percentage of patients (pts) who were event free at 3 years among those with isolated BM or combined BM relapse \>= 36 months. Pts with MRD \<0.01% at the end of Block 1 (MRD \< 0.01% BL1); MRD \>= 0.01% at the end of Block 1 (MRD\>= 0.01% BL1); MRD \< 0.01% at the end of Block 3 (MRD \< 0.01% BL3);MRD \>=0.01% at the end of Block 3.

Event Free Survival (EFS)

Received SCT

Did not receive SCT

The analysis is limited to eligible patients on Standard VCR dosing who received matched related SCT, excluding patients who had events prior to receiving SCT. And those patients on Regimen A who did not undergo SCT, excluding patients who went off therapy prior to the adjusted starting time.

Adjusted Event Free Survival

Regimen B: Randomized High Dose Vincristine Regimen

Overall Study

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization
Low-Dose or High-Dose Vincristine and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients With Relapsed B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	NCT00381680	B-cell Childhoo... L1 Childhood Ac... L2 Childhood Ac... Intermediate Ri...	vincristine sul... prednisone doxorubicin hyd... pegaspargase cytarabine methotrexate dexamethasone etoposide cyclophosphamid... leucovorin calc... filgrastim asparaginase mercaptopurine	1 Year - 29 Years	Children's Oncology Group
Low-Dose or High-Dose Vincristine and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients With Relapsed B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	NCT00381680	B-cell Childhoo... L1 Childhood Ac... L2 Childhood Ac... Intermediate Ri...	vincristine sul... prednisone doxorubicin hyd... pegaspargase cytarabine methotrexate dexamethasone etoposide cyclophosphamid... leucovorin calc... filgrastim asparaginase mercaptopurine	1 Year - 29 Years	Children's Oncology Group
Low-Dose or High-Dose Vincristine and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients With Relapsed B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	NCT00381680	B-cell Childhoo... L1 Childhood Ac... L2 Childhood Ac... Intermediate Ri...	vincristine sul... prednisone doxorubicin hyd... pegaspargase cytarabine methotrexate dexamethasone etoposide cyclophosphamid... leucovorin calc... filgrastim asparaginase mercaptopurine	1 Year - 29 Years	Children's Oncology Group

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for intermediate risk recurrent childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia