Infections

All Conditions

Neoplasms

Digestive System Diseases

Symptoms and General Pathology

Rare Diseases

Mpox (monkeypox)

Colorectal Neoplasms

Intestinal Neoplasms

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms

Digestive System Neoplasms

Gastrointestinal Diseases

Colonic Diseases

Intestinal Diseases

Rectal Diseases

Communicable Diseases

Poxviridae Infections

Virus Diseases

DNA Virus Infections

Monkeypox

All Drugs and Chemicals

Herbal and Botanical

Antibodies

Immunoglobulins

Sunflower

Sixty colorectal cancer tissue sections were included. The tissue was cut to 5 μm thick and placed on a glass slide for staining. Endogenous peroxidase activity was inhibited and blocked by deparaffin, rehydration, and treatment with 5% bovine serum albumin for 30 min at 37 ° C. The treated sections were incubated with anti-FOS (promab 30360) overnight at 4 ° C and washed three times with PBS. After that, it was required to incubate with secondary anti-peroxidation sunflower for 30 min at 37 ° C. After washing three times with PBS, the images were developed in diamine benzidine and micrographs were obtained under a light microscope.

The tissue sections were incubated with anti-FOS (promab 30360) at 4ºC overnight and washed three times with PBS. After that, it is required that incubation with secondary anti-peroxidation sunflower at 37ºC for 30 minutes. After washing three times again with PBS, the sections were developed in diaminobenzidine and microscopic images were made by light microscopy.

Immunohistochemical staining with anti-FOS

Xiaoliang Huang, Dr.

Xiangliang Huang, Dr.

Colorectal cancer tissue sections were obtained according to the inclusion criteria. The formalin was used to immersed all cancer specimens. And tissues were cut to 5 μm thickness and placed on glass slides before staining. Endogenous peroxidase activity was inhibited and blocked by de-paraffinizing, rehydrating, and using 5% bovine serum albumin at 37ºC for 30 min. The treated sections were incubated with anti-FOS (promab 30360) at 4ºC overnight and washed three times with PBS. After that, it is required that incubation with secondary anti-peroxidation sunflower at 37ºC for 30 minutes. After washing three times again with PBS, the sections were developed in diaminobenzidine and microscopic images were made by light microscopy.

FOS Immunohistochemical Staining of Colorectal Cancer and Its Adjacent Tissues

Monkeypox and Cancer: a Pan-cancer Based Multi-omics Analysis and Single Cell Sequencing Analysis-Experimental Studies

Time from the start of the study to death from any cause. For subjects who were lost to follow-up before death, the time of last follow-up was calculated as the time of death.

xiaoliang Huang

clinical Professor

Urinary Tract, Sexual Organs, and Pregnancy Conditions

Diseases and Abnormalities at or Before Birth

Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Syndrome

Microsatellite Instability

Hyperplasia

Endometrial Hyperplasia

Endometrial Neoplasms

Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis

Uterine Neoplasms

Genital Neoplasms, Female

Urogenital Neoplasms

Uterine Diseases

Genital Diseases, Female

Genital Diseases

Urogenital Diseases

Female Urogenital Diseases

Pregnancy Complications

Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications

Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary

Genetic Diseases, Inborn

DNA Repair-Deficiency Disorders

Metabolic Diseases

Genomic Instability

Turcot Syndrome

These are patients with a diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia at WellSpan in the study time frame diagnosed via endometrial biopsy, dilation and curettage, or hysterectomy.

Immunohistochemistry will be performed on the endometrial tissue specimens

Immunohistochemical staining

Eav Lim, DO

Given that there is a significant prevalence of Lynch syndrome among patients with endometrial cancer (about 5% of patients with endometrial cancer), and given there is a known risk of endometrial cancer among patients with endometrial hyperplasia (40% risk of pre-existing occult cancer with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia), it is hypothesized that a diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia may herald on-going risk of harboring a Lynch Syndrome gene mutation.

The purpose of this study is to examine endometrial hyperplasia specimens and compare the frequency of Lynch Syndrome gene mutations between endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer subjects. This will provide a rationale and opportunity for earlier screening, and reduce colon cancer morbidity and mortality secondary to the Lynch syndrome gene.

This is an observational cohort study. Tissue specimens obtained that have been labeled with the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia will be identified and their chart reviewed for demographic date of age, race, body mass index, and co-morbidities. The specimen will then be tested via immunohistochemistry for the mismatch repair proteins MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH 6. Their absence is indicative of Lynch Syndrome. Statistical analysis will then be performed to compare the incidence of Lynch syndrome in endometrial hyperplasia with Lynch Syndrome in endometrial cancer.

No new biospecimens are retained. The biospecimens referenced are those that were already collected for tissue diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia: endometrial biopsies, curettage specimens, and hysterectomy specimens. These are kept routinely in the pathology department on microscope slides post-procedure per hospital policy.

Frequency of Endometrial Cancer Precursors Associated With Lynch Syndrome

This is the rate of subjects who screen positive for Lynch Syndrome based on immunohistochemical staining

WellSpan Health

Principal Investigator

immunohistochemical staining for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2

immunohistochemical staining

microsatellite instability in tissues of endometrial cancer

tests of microsatellite instability

Amsterdam I or II criteria and Bethesda criteria

clinical criteria of Lynch syndromes

next-generation sequencing, Sanger method or qPCR for mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and EPCAM)

sequencing for mismatch repair genes

Lei Li, MD

Lei L Li, MD

In patients diagnosed as endometrial cancer by thorough pathologic examinations, Lynch syndromes are screened by (1)immunohistochemical staining (for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2), (2) tests of microsatellite instability and (3) clinical criteria (Amsterdam I or II criteria and Bethesda criteria). For patients with any suspicious discoveries of Lynch syndromes from aforementioned screening methods, a molecular diagnosis with next-generation sequencing for mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and EPCAM) is given to confirm Lynch syndromes. For patients of Lynch syndromes and endometrial cancer, relatives of blood lineage are tested by Sanger method or qPCR to find out carriers of mutation genes of Lynch syndromes.

Study of Universal Screening for Lynch Syndrome in Chinese Patients of Endometrial Cancer

Cohort Study of Universal Screening for Lynch Syndrome in Chinese Patients of Endometrial Cancer

Distributions of specific mutation genes of Lynch syndromes will be available for other researches by officially published papers.

Proportions of patients carrying mismatch repair gene in endometrial cancer

Sensitiviy and specitiviy of immunohistochemical staining for screening Lynch syndromes

Sensitiviy and specitiviy of microsatellite instability for screening Lynch syndromes

Sensitiviy and specitiviy of clinical criteria for screening Lynch syndromes

Lei Li

Professor

Adenocarcinoma

Neoplasm Metastasis

Carcinoma

Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial

Neoplasms by Histologic Type

Cola

patients with colorectal carcinoma will undergo colectomy. their colectomy specimens will be sectioned, tissue blocks will be prepared from tumor and adjacent normal mucosa. sections will be stained immunohistochemically by antibody against cortactin.

sections from colorectal carcinoma will be immunohistochemically stained by anti-Cortactin antobody.

Maisa H Mohammed

Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasms affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The incidence of colorectal carcinoma is obviously increasing in developing countries, where the physical inactivity and the consumption of animal fat-rich food became more evident. Colorectal tumorigenesis is a multistep process which is initiated by adenoma and is terminated by carcinoma, the latter shows variable degrees of tumor differentiation and invasiveness. During the adenoma-carcinoma process; a series of genetic mutations occur. Detection of these genetic mutations will help in the development of novel therapeutic agents, which in turn will improve patients' outcomes. Cortactin (CTTN) is a Src kinase substrate, encoded by a gene located on chromosome 11. CTTN binds to and activates Arp 2/3 and stabilizes the dynamic actin assembly after its formation. So, it become clear that CTTN is involved in the formation of the leading-edges cellular protrusions.

Colorectal carcinoma is a highly lethal malignant epithelial tumor involving humans. The incidence of colorectal carcinoma is steadily increasing in developing countries, this could be assigned to low physical activity together with high consumption of animal fat-rich food. malignancy of the colon is a multistep process which is initiated by adenoma that proceeds to carcinoma, the latter includes a wide variety of tumor phenotypes. During the adenoma-carcinoma process; a series of genetic and epigenetic alterations occur. Detection of these genetic alterations is of great benefit in the future management of colorectal carcinomas. Cortactin (CTTN) is a Src kinase substrate, encoded by a gene located on chromosome 11. CTTN anchors the dynamic actin assembly . CTTN is implicated in the formation of the leading-edges cellular protrusions.the aim of this study is to evaluate expression of CTTN in 50 cases of colorectal adenocarcinomas and their adjacent normal colonic mucosae.

Fifty, paired formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissue blocks from the colorectal carcinomas and adjacent non neoplastic colonic mucosa will be prepared and sectioned. From each block; one section will be stained by Haematoxaline and Eosine to establish diagnosis of colorectal carcinomas and to determine the degree of differentiation and degree of invasion of the underlying colonic tissues. Corresponding sections from each Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks will be immunohistochemically stained by anti- Human Cortactin antibody, to detect any association between cortactin expression and colorectal carcinoma.

Significance of Cortactin Expression in Colorectal Adenocarcinomas

Enhanced Cortactin Expression is Associated With Increased Tumor Invasiveness and Nodal Metastasis in Egyptian Patients With Colorectal Adenocarcinomas

Fifty patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma will be enrolled in the study. Formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissue blocks will be prepared from the tumor and adjacent normal colorectal mucosa in the Pathology lab. Sections will be stained by Hematoxalin and Eosin to diagnose the tumor phenotype. Additional sections will be mounted on coated slides and stained immunohistochemically by antibodies against human Cortactin . immunohistochemical expression of Cortactin will be evaluated in both the tumor sections and adjacent normal mucosa by using Immuno-reactive score. Expression of Cortactin in tumor tissues will be statistically correlated to degree of tumor differentiation, tumor invasion and nodal metastasis.

Sohag University

Lecturer of Pathology

Gland and Hormone Related Diseases

Ovarian Neoplasms

Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial

Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous

Cystadenocarcinoma

Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous

Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian Epithelial Cancer

Adenocarcinoma of the Appendix

immunohistochemical staining of programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) marker

the main purpose is to study the prognostic effect of PDL1 in ovarian cancer especially HGSC. Therefore, in the present study the investigators analyzed the expression of PDL1in HGSC by immunohistochemistry, and results were correlated to prognosis.

this cross-sectional study on 54 specimens of primary ovarian high grade serous carcinoma cases who attended to Oncology Centre, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt in the period from 2012 till 2019. The cases were chosen randomly. All clinicopathological data including tumor stage (T), L.N metastases (N), metastasis (M), (FIGO) staging system, ascites, recurrence, residual tumor, CEA level, CA125 level, and peritoneal deposits analyzed. The investigator followed the clinical outcomes in the form of disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The mean duration of follow up will be 43.4 months. The OS were calculated from the time of diagnosis to death. DFS is the time from the end of therapy to first recurrence or metastases. the specimens were stained with PDL1 marker in pathology department Port Said university.

Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed using SPSS software V.16. Continuous data was presented in the form of mean (SD) or Median (min-max) according to the results of Shapiro-Wilk testing for the assumptions of normal distributions of data. Categorical data will be presented in the form of frequencies and percentages. Statistical significance will be tested by Welch's t-test, or Mann-Whitney U for continuous data (with respect to presence or absence of normal distribution of data). Also, chi square test or Fisher's Exact Test will be performed for categorical data (with respect to the minimal expected values in the contingencies tables). Correlations of different tumour markers will be calculated using Spearman's rho Coefficient. Kaplan-Meier test was used to test for overall survival and disease free survival of patients with respect to tumour expression of PDL1. Comparisons will be done using Log Rank (Mantel-Cox). Significance level is set at 0.05.

PDL1 in Ovarian High Grade Serous Carcinoma

Prognostic Value of PDL1 in Ovarian High Grade Serous Carcinoma

correlation between PDL1 expression to cancer free peroid

using immunohistochemical staining for PDL1 markers for all slides of cases with ovarian tumor

correlation between PDL1 expression to criteria as ascites, peritoneal nodules and metastasis

Mansoura University Hospital

Port Said University hospital

Lecturer of pathology

Anti-Infective Agents

Antibodies, Monoclonal

Formaldehyde

60 archived Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of Colorectal Carcinoma will be obtained and sectioned. From each block; Two tissue sections will be prepared, one tissue section will be stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin to detect tumor phenotype and depth of invasion. Other tissue section will be immunohistochemically stained by Anti-Human INHBA.

Staining of Colorectal Carcinoma tissue sections by monoclonal antibodies against human Inhibin Beta A by immunohistochemical procedures.

Mera A Fayez, Doctor

Magdy M Amin, Professor

A retrospective observational study to evaluate immunohistochemical expression of Inhibin Beta A (INHBA) in 60 cases of Colorectal Carcinoma, and compare levels of its expression to different clinicopathological criteria.

Colorectal Carcinoma is an aggressive malignant epithelial tumor with an observable high incidence. Tumor invasion and metastasis to distant sites are two important issues which determine patient's outcome, so detecting novel biological markers that are involved in tumor proliferation and invasion with subsequent targeting by future medical drugs will positively improve patient's prognosis.

Inhibin Beta A (INHBA) is a glycoprotein molecule that has a role in tumor cells proliferation and invasion in different human malignancies. The aim of this study is to detect expression of INHBA in 60 archived formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of patients suffered from Colorectal Carcinoma, and to correlate different levels of its expression to some studied clinical and pathological criteria (Age, Sex, Tumor size, location, depth of tumor invasion, status of regional lymph nodes, vascular and perineural invasion).

60 formalin fixed, Paraffin embedded Colorectal Cancer tissue blocks.

Immunohistochemical Expression of Inhibin Beta A (INHBA) in Colorectal Carcinoma

Detection of expression of INHBA in Colorectal Carcinoma cells by immunohistochemical approach, using anti-human INHBA monoclonal antibody.

Correlation between different levels of INHBA expression in Colorectal Carcinoma cells and some clinical and pathological parameters as age, sex, tumor phenotype and nodal status.

Teaching Assistant of Pathology

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell

Head and Neck Neoplasms

Hypoxia

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Neoplasms, Squamous Cell

Recently, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -based hypoxia classifier gene signature was published that can be easily applied. Using this classifier, patients will be divided in hypoxic or non-hypoxic subgroups.

These subgroups will be correlated to locoregional control. The hypoxic signature will also be related to parameters on DCE-MRI, DWI and FDG-PET.

A polymerase chain reaction -based hypoxia classifier

As part of the standard staging procedure all patients will undergo an MRI of the neck. We will however also take DWI and DCE images at this time point. Parameters of these images will be later on correlated with pathology.

Functional imaging before treatment.

At 3 levels of the tumour, chosen by the radiologist on the functional imaging modalities, 4µm thick slices will me taken. On each level an immunohistochemical staining will be carried out (GLUT-1, CA-IX, HIF-1alpha, VEGF, KI 67). The result of this staining will be correlated with parameters derived from the functional imaging modalities.

To account for the shrinkage of the tumour due to fixation, the resection specimen will be placed in a box and scanned with an MRI. From this a shrinkage factor will be calculated using the original pre-treatment MRI.

MRI of the resection specimen

On the imaging modalities the tumor volume will be delineated. This will also be done on the resection specimen. Later on the different tumour volumes will be correlated.

Tumour volume delineation and comparison

Sandra Nuyts, PhD MD

Chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is currently the cornerstone in the management of locoregional advanced head and neck cancer (HNC). Optimization of the quality of RT is therefore an important issue, if the investigators want to improve the therapeutic index in HNC. This could be achieved by a more accurate definition of the tumor volume and by identification of radioresistant volumes within the tumor. Recent literature puts in this regard the incorporation of functional imaging (FI) in the RT treatment planning forward as a promising tool.

FI modalities provide an outstanding contrast between tumor and surrounding tissues. This is in contrast to anatomical imaging. Using anatomical imaging in RT treatment planning, sufficient margins need to be placed around the tumor volume in order to compensate for geometric uncertainties. Consequently many surrounding functional structures receive high doses of irradiation, resulting in side effects. It is expected that, using FI in RT treatment planning will make these margins smaller or even unnecessary, which will result in less irradiation of the surrounding tissues. So far only one study has reported a comparison between tumor volume on anatomical (CT and MRI) and FI (PET-CT) modalities with pathological tumor volume. This study showed indeed that the tumor volumes delineated on PET-CT correlated more to tumor volumes defined by pathology and were significantly smaller.

Furthermore, FI provides us with a deeper insight in the tumor's underlying biological activity and microstructure. These techniques can thus help to identify radioresistant subvolumes which might benefit from treatment intensification.

A validation of these FI modalities with pathology is necessary to investigate their true power in tumor delineation and in the identification of radioresistant subvolumes.

1. BACKGROUND AND SETTING

   1.1. INTRODUCTION

   Concurrent (chemo-) radiotherapy (CRT) is the current standard of care for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The proximity of important functional structures with the tumour makes treatment however highly complex. Treatment related toxicity can be severe with xerostomia and dysphagia gravely complicating the patient's quality of life. The use of altered fractionation schedules and/or concurrent chemotherapy has resulted in substantial gains in loco-regional control, leading to significant improvements in overall survival. Although the prognosis of patients treated with RT for locally advanced HNSCC is continually improving, there are still a high number of locoregional failures.

   Using highly conformal radiotherapy the investigators can increase the therapeutic index by giving higher doses to the more radio-resistant parts of the tumour while maintaining or even reducing dose to the surrounding tissues. Functional imaging can help us to define these radio-resistant subvolumes and help us to delineate the gross tumour volume (GTV) better in the future. Positron emission tomography (PET), Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) can give us further insight in the tumour's underlaying biological and microstructural characteristics. However, at the moment the investigators are not sure how to interpret the different imaging parameters obtained from these functional imaging modalities. Therefore, the investigators want to correlate the imaging parameters with the pathological characteristics of the tumour. On the other hand the investigators want to correlate the GTV defined on the functional imaging modalities with the pathological GTV, and see if these modalities can help us to delineate the GTV more accurately in the future.

   1.2. IMAGING MODALITIES

   1.2.1. FDG-Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET)

   Increased glucose metabolism is a fundamental characteristic of many malignant tumours, including HNSCC. Positron emission tomography (PET) after injection of radioactively labeled 2' fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) can help us measure and quantify this metabolism in tumours, using the standardized uptake value (SUV). Several studies have correlated high SUV prior to treatment with significantly worse outcome in HNSCC. Furthermore it appears that most local recurrences occur within the FDG-PET defined GTV. The molecular base for this is not completely understood.

   Proliferating tumour cells consume glucose at a high rate and release lactate and not CO2. This way they omit the mitochondria driven oxidative phosphorylation of glucose from the production of ATP (=Warburg-effect). Several molecular parameters have been associated with this glycolytic switch, such as activation of the hypoxia induced HIF1α and the increased presence of GLUT glucose transport proteins. So far no clear correlation was found between the presence of hypoxia and FDG-uptake.

   1.2.2. Diffusion-weighted Magnetic resonance imaging (DWI)

   Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) can characterize tissues based on the random displacement of water molecules. In biological tissues this displacement is limited by underlying tissue-specific barriers and this difference can be quantified and visualized using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. A study on 165 patients in our centre with HNSCC demonstrated that the pre-treatment ADC value is a strong and independent prognostic factor for outcome. Patients with a high ADC value respond worse to ionizing radiation than patients with a lower ADC value. There is currently no clear explanation why tumours with a higher cellular density are more radiosensitive than tumours with a low density. A number of microscopic features effect water diffusivity in tissue (presence of necrosis, cellular density, inflammation, integrity of cellular membranes). Many of these also affect the radio- and chemosensitivity of the tumours.

   1.2.3. Dynamic contrast enhanced Magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI)

   Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) is a non-invasive imaging modality which has been developed and evaluated for the characterization of vascular properties of tissues. Adequate oxygen supply is essential for the effectivity if ionizing radiation. However tumor angiogenesis is far from perfect and newly formed vessels display permeability, tortuosity and a generally poor functionality. These vascular properties could provide us insight in the aggressiveness and radiosensitivity of the tumor. Dynamic computed tomography (CT) has demonstrated that perfusion measurements can predict outcome in head and neck cancer after radiotherapy. Similarly quantitative assessment of DCE-MRI has also been correlated with response to ionizing radiation in patients with HNSCC. A recent trial on a limited number of patients correlated certain DCE-MRI parameters with intratumoural hypoxia. However, so far no spatial correlation has been done.
2. STUDY OBJECTIVES

   2.1. PRIMARY OBJECTIVES

   The main objective of this study is to correlate DWI, DCE-MRI and FDG-PET with the spatial distribution of hypoxia in patients with head and neck cancer.

   2.2. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES

   A. To correlate findings on functional imaging with intrinsic molecular parameters depicting proliferation, hypoxia and glucose metabolism.

   B. To validate the use of the hypoxia markers and the 15-gene hypoxia gene expression classifier.

   C. To compare tumour volume as derived from pathology with the volumes delineated on the several anatomical and functional imaging modalities.
3. STUDY DESIGN

   The target group for this trial is patients with a histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, eligible for surgery, staged T3-4. Prior to treatment patients will undergo an FDG-PET/CT and MRI with DW and DCE, dedicated for optimal visualization of the primary tumor and analysis. The imaging modalities will be performed as close to the surgery as possible (PET/CT one week before surgery; MRI one day before surgery).

   Prior to treatment, three slices on the imaging modalities will be selected by a radiologist based on their visual quality and heterogeneity of functional parameters. These regions of interest will be compared to different histopathological parameters on the resection specimen. The radiologist will also select regions, based on DWI and DCE parameters, who are suspect to be hypoxic. From these regions a biopsy will be taken.

   After total laryngectomy, the resection specimen will be oriented, and biopsy material will be obtained from the regions in the tumour that have been selected on the imaging modalities The rest of the specimen will be fixed in formaldehyde. To account for the shrinkage of the tumour due to fixation, the resection specimen will be placed in a cardboard box with an agarose solution and scanned with an MRI with T1w/T2 images. From this a shrinkage factor will be calculated comparing the delineated T1 and T2 weighted images.

   After fixation the tumour will be cut up into macroslices with a thickness of about 5mm. On each macroslice tumour volume will be delineated. Using this, the pathological tumour volume will be determined taking into account the previously determined shrinkage factor. This pathological volume will be compared to the tumour volume delineated on the imaging modalities. On the different pre-surgery functional imaging modalities, 4 separate observers will delineate the GTV. The different volumes will be compared and overlap will be calculated after 3D specimen reconstruction and registration.

   The GTV obtained from the functional imaging will be correlated with the pathological tumor volume of the resection specimen. This information will give us more insight into the true power of the investigated functional imaging techniques in determining tumour volume. This is important to assess the role of functional imaging modalities in treatment planning in the future.

   At the three levels, chosen by the radiologist on the imaging modalities, 4µm thick slices will be taken. On each level an immunohistochemical staining will be carried out (GLUT-1, CA-IX, HIF-1α, VEGF and KI 67 staining will be performed ).

   IHC will be scored according to a semiquantitative scoring system using a field analysis where each field will be assigend a score of 1-4 according to the approximate area of immunostaining (0:0%, 1:1-5%, 2: 5-15%, 3: 15-30% and 4: \>30%.
4. SAMPLE SIZE Twenty patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, planned to undergo total laryngectomy, will be included.

Pathological Validation of Functional Imaging in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Pathological Validation of Functional Imaging in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. A Prospective, Non-commercial and Mono-centric Study

The correlation of DWI, DCE-MRI and FDG-PET with the spatial distribution of hypoxia in patients with head and neck cancer.

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization
FOS Immunohistochemical Staining of Colorectal Cancer and Its Adjacent Tissues	NCT05698082	Colorectal Canc... Monkey Pox	Immunohistochem...	18 Years - 75 Years	Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
Frequency of Endometrial Cancer Precursors Associated With Lynch Syndrome	NCT05257057	Lynch Syndrome Endometrial Can... Endometrial Hyp... Mismatch Repair... Microsatellite ...	Immunohistochem...	18 Years - 99 Years	WellSpan Health
Study of Universal Screening for Lynch Syndrome in Chinese Patients of Endometrial Cancer	NCT03291106	Colorectal Neop... Endometrial Neo...	immunohistochem... tests of micros... clinical criter... sequencing for ...	18 Years -	Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Significance of Cortactin Expression in Colorectal Adenocarcinomas	NCT05225870	Cancer Colon	immunohistochem...	30 Years - 80 Years	Sohag University
PDL1 in Ovarian High Grade Serous Carcinoma	NCT04507191	Ovarian Cancer	immunohistochem...	50 Years - 70 Years	Port Said University hospital
Significance of Cortactin Expression in Colorectal Adenocarcinomas	NCT05225870	Cancer Colon	immunohistochem...	30 Years - 80 Years	Sohag University
Immunohistochemical Expression of Inhibin Beta A (INHBA) in Colorectal Carcinoma	NCT05794737	Colorectal Canc...	Immunohistochem...	35 Years - 90 Years	Sohag University
Study of Universal Screening for Lynch Syndrome in Chinese Patients of Endometrial Cancer	NCT03291106	Colorectal Neop... Endometrial Neo...	immunohistochem... tests of micros... clinical criter... sequencing for ...	18 Years -	Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Frequency of Endometrial Cancer Precursors Associated With Lynch Syndrome	NCT05257057	Lynch Syndrome Endometrial Can... Endometrial Hyp... Mismatch Repair... Microsatellite ...	Immunohistochem...	18 Years - 99 Years	WellSpan Health
Pathological Validation of Functional Imaging in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma	NCT01827709	Head and Neck C...	A polymerase ch... Functional imag... Immunohistochem... MRI of the rese... Tumour volume d...	18 Years -	Universitaire Ziekenhuizen KU Leuven

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