Rare Diseases

All Conditions

Oculocerebral Syndrome With Hypopigmentation

Within defined groups of primary malignant and benign bone and soft tissue spine tumors, what variables (clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, and/or demographic) are associated with overall survival?

Primary tumors of the spine are exceedingly rare and therefore the literature has been limited to case series of limited size and significant heterogeneity. These tumors comprise 11% of all Primary Musculoskeletal Tumors and 4.2% of all spine tumors. Of all primary spine tumors only 6% are malignant, but it is the malignant tumors that present the greatest therapeutic challenges. Through this multi-center retrospective cohort study performed at 13 spine oncology referral, data on at least 2.000 patients with specific primary benign and malignant spine tumors will be collected. This will provide power to determine the influence of many previously hypothesized variables on outcome.

The purpose of this study is to determine clinical, imaging and treatment factors that influence patient survival, local recurrence rate, and peri-operative/post-operative morbidity. Most surgical options carry significant morbidity and consume vast resources. In contrast, there is emerging evidence that incomplete or oncologically inappropriate resection increases local recurrence rate and decreases overall survival. These data will be used to refine existing study questions regarding patient outcomes and to develop new study questions that will be assessed in the future using prospectively collected data.

Predictors of Mortality and Morbidity in the Surgical Management of Primary Tumors of the Spine

Predictors of Mortality and Morbidity in the Surgical Management of Primary Tumors of the Spine: A Multi-center Retrospective Cohort Study With a Cross-Sectional Survival Check

AO Foundation, AO Spine

Neoplasms

Nervous System Diseases

Glioma

Brain Neoplasms

Astrocytoma

Central Nervous System Neoplasms

Nervous System Neoplasms

Brain Diseases

Central Nervous System Diseases

Patients with tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) who appear to be probable candidates for future protocol entry, have disease manifestations that are of unique scientific interest, importance, and/or educational value, or who have understudied tumors with unknown or unclear natural history. Patients with known genetic syndromes at high risk of developing CNS cancers will also be evaluated.

Caregivers will be defined as anyone who patients identify as an unpaid close friend or family member who knows them well and who is involved with their day-to-day care.

Survey or Questionnaire Completion with or without Sample Submission

No Treatment

Terri S Armstrong, C.R.N.P.

Background:

Brain and spinal cord tumors are uncommon. But they contribute substantially to cancer deaths in the U.S. in children and adults. Little progress has been made in treating brain tumors. Researchers want to learn more about these tumors by studying people who have them.

Objectives:

To understand brain and spinal cord tumors better and uncover areas for further research. Also, to connect people with these tumors to doctors who can help them manage their illness and give them new treatment options.

Design:

Participants will have an initial (baseline) visit. They will have their medical history taken and undergo physical and neurological exams. They will have blood tests. They may have scans (imaging studies) of the nervous system.

If participants have urine or cerebrospinal fluid collected during their regular care, researchers may save some.

Brain tumor tissue from a prior surgery may be studied.

Genomic DNA testing will be done on samples. Results will be linked to participants medical and/or family history.

The number of study visits at NIH will depend on the wishes of participants and their local doctors.

Participants will take a brain tumor survey on a computer. They can take it all at once or in 6 separate sections.

Participants will answer questions about their general well-being. They will answer questions to learn if they have symptoms of depression or anxiety.

Physicians will discuss test results with participants. They will recommend management and treatment options.

Background:

This protocol is designed to meet an unmet need in neuro-oncology by evaluating patients with CNS tumors throughout their disease course. Data may be collected from multiple sources including medical records tests, and objective and subjective measures in patients and their caregivers. The protocol will evaluate patients with tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) who appear to be probable candidates for future protocol entry, have disease manifestations that are of unique scientific interest, importance, and/or educational value, or who have understudied tumors with unknown or unclear natural history. Patients with known genetic syndromes at high risk of developing CNS cancers will also be evaluated.

Objectives:

* To evaluate patients with tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) who are probable future candidates for NCI Phase I and II protocols.
* To follow patients with tumors of the CNS that are representative of important scientific and/or clinical principles
* To follow patients with CNS tumors that are understudied or have indeterminate natural history
* To evaluate and follow patients with known genetic syndromes at high risk of developing CNS cancers

Eligibility:

* All patients greater than or equal to 18 years of age with tumors of the CNS (or a history of tumors of the CNS) of interest to the NOB, who may be candidates for an NOB trial at some point in the future.
* Patients with tumors of the CNS that are of particular interest to members of the NOB because they pose important clinical and/or scientific questions and/or shed light on important aspects of the disease.
* Patients with known genetic syndromes at high risk of developing CNS cancers are eligible.
* Patients with rare tumors of the CNS who offer an important educational benefit to neuro-oncology trainees and staff.
* Caregivers, as identified by the patient are important to assess internal and external resources (e.g., coping mechanisms), identify specific factors that help patients with primary brain tumors face the uncertainty in their daily lives.
* Ability of patient or Legally Authorized Representative (LAR) to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Design:

* All patients will undergo an initial evaluation by a member of the NOB or by a health care provider participating in the patient s care, where past medical and oncologic histories will be obtained as well as relevant data such as neuroimaging and pathology review. A total of 10,000 participants will be accrued to this study.
* Caregivers will be defined as anyone who patients identify as an unpaid close friend or family member who knows the NHS participant well and who is involved with their day-to-day care.
* Patients may be seen at the NIH Clinical Center at varying intervals depending on the clinical situation. Data related to the natural history of their disease course and outcome will be collected at least every visit at the NIH Clinical Center in which imaging is reviewed. Patients will be seen at a clinic visit or followed remotely at a minimum of once every year.

Natural History of and Specimen Banking for People With Tumors of the Central Nervous System

Evaluation of the Natural History of and Specimen Banking for Patients With Tumors of the Central Nervous System

.BTRIS: All IPD recorded in the medical record will be shared with intramural investigators upon request. @@@@@@dbGaP: All IPD recorded in the medical record will be shared with intramural investigators upon request. In addition, all large scale genomic sequencing data will be shared with subscribers to dbGaP.

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Heart and Blood Diseases

Aneurysm

Intracranial Aneurysm

Vascular Diseases

Intracranial Arterial Diseases

Cerebrovascular Disorders

Central Nervous System Depressants

All Drugs and Chemicals

Anticonvulsants

Anesthetics

Cisatracurium

Vecuronium Bromide

Bromides

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents

Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents

Cholinergic Antagonists

Cholinergic Agents

Neurotransmitter Agents

MEP monitoring with continuous infusion of cisatracurium during general anesthesia

MEP monitoring with continuous infusion of vecuronium during general anesthesia

Recently intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring (MEP) is widely used to reduce neural damage during neurosurgery.

As neuromuscular blockade(NMB) during MEP monitoring decreases the amplitude of MEP, partial NMB is usually maintained during general anesthesia. Continuous infusion of NMB agent is preferred than bolus infusion during MEP monitoring. There are a lot of NMB agents in clinical use. But there have been no reports about the effect of changing NMB agent on efficacy of MEP monitoring.

Therefore, the investigators performed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of changing NMB agent on the variability of MEP amplitude during neurosurgery.

Comparison of the Effects of Vecuronium and Cisatracurium on Electrophysiologic Monitoring During Neurosurgery

intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring amplitude

Coefficient of variation (CV) of intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring amplitude

Average of all measured MEP amplitudes in a subject

The frequency of adjusting the infusion dose of muscle relaxant

Samsung Medical Center

Professor

Symptoms and General Pathology

Musculoskeletal Diseases

Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases

Recurrence

Bone Neoplasms

Spinal Cord Neoplasms

Giant Cell Tumors

Spinal Neoplasms

Giant Cell Tumor of Bone

Neoplasms, Connective Tissue

Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue

Neoplasms by Histologic Type

Spinal Cord Diseases

Bone Diseases

Spinal Diseases

Antibodies

Immunoglobulins

Immunohistochemical staining was performed using the following antibodies: anti-RANK antibody from Bioss Company (No.bs-2695R) and anti-RANKL antibody from Abcam (No.ab222215).

RANK/RANKL(RANK: Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor Kappa-Β /RANKL:Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor Kappa-Β Ligand)

Ning Lang

1. Exploit CT (plain scan), enhanced CT and fMRI based radiomic biomarkers, explore their correlation with the prognostic molecular markers of spinal GCTB(p53/vegf/rank/rankl...), and help accurate diagnosis of GCTB.
2. Exploring a new method of preoperative risk stratification for spinal GCTB, and establishing radiomic model combined with clinical features. Exploring the GCTB biological behavior prediction model and the prognosis prediction of GCTB.

This study intends to conduct a systematic review of patients with spinal GCTB who have undergone standardized imaging (CT or MRI) in our hospital since 2006 to obtain case samples, conduct standardized clinical and imaging data extraction and analysis, and fully integrate histopathology and clinical follow-up results. To preliminarily explore the value of postoperative imaging-based radiomics markers in the preoperative precise diagnosis of spinal GCTB, risk stratification and prediction of tumor biological behavior.

The Value of Preoperative Diagnosis and Prognostic Prediction Based on Radiomics of Giant Cell Tumor of Spine

Radiomics Based on Preoperative Imaging of Giant Cell Tumor of the Spine to Predict the Early Recurrence and Survival of Giant Cell Tumor of the Spine After Surgery, and the Expression Levels of P53, VEGF, RANK, RANKL and Other Prognostic-related Molecular Markers.

Grade:low;high(Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor Kappa-Β/Ligand)

Grade:low;high(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors)

Peking University Third Hospital

Constriction, Pathologic

Spinal Stenosis

Analgesics

Ketamine

Anesthetics, Dissociative

Anesthetics, Intravenous

Anesthetics, General

Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists

All subjects will be in a single arm. Patients will serve as their own control.

Patients will receive general anesthesia in the usual fashion for the indicated procedures. This anesthetic will be standardized between patients. All patients participating in the study will have neuromonitoring as part of their spine surgery as standard care. Baseline motor-evoked potential data will then be collected. Then study drug Ketamine will be administered as following:

* Step 1: 0.1 mg/kg bolus over 30 sec followed by infusion of 3mcg/kg/min (0.18 mg/kg/hr)
* Step 2: 0.3 mg/kg bolus over 30 sec followed by infusion of 15mcg/kg/min (0.9mg/kg/hr)
* Step 3: 0.85 mg/kg bolus over 30 sec followed by infusion at 50mcg/kg/min (3mg/kg/hr)

Motor Evoked Potentials will be collected for 5 times at minutes 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 after drug step.

Patients will be administered ketamine at increasing doses followed by measurements of motor-evoked potentials.

Marc Buren, MD

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about the effect of ketamine on intraoperative motor evoked potentials in adult patients undergoing thoracolumbar spinal fusions. Participants will undergo a standard anesthetic. In addition to the standard anesthetic, the patients will be administered increasing doses of ketamine with motor-evoked potentials being measured at each dose, to assess any impacts.

Spinal surgeries continue to increase in frequency and complexity. An important safety protocol is the use of intraoperative motor evoked potentials (MEP) to monitor the integrity and function of the spinal cord and alert the surgeon of any potential injury. Transcranial electric motor evoked potentials stimulate the motor cortex and produce a myogenic response. This modality can assess the function of all pathways including the motor cortex, the lateral corticospinal tracts, the function of the alpha motor neurons, and peripheral nerves.

Various anesthetic agents can impact the critical parameters of MEPs. Inhaled volatile anesthetics and nitrous oxide are highly suppressive in a dose-dependent manner decreasing the amplitude of the myogenic response and prolonging the latency. Propofol is also suppressive of MEPs, although high quality data can still be obtained at clinically relevant doses for anesthesia. For this reason, most anesthesiologists will use propofol as the backbone of any anesthetic that involves neurophysiologic monitoring.

Because spine surgeries are exceptionally painful, anesthesiologists will often incorporate adjuncts that can decrease pain and postoperative opioid usage. The effect of these adjuncts on intraoperative evoked potentials is incompletely described and important work remains to detail these effects.

Ketamine, a phencyclidine derivative that is an NMDA receptor antagonist, is a widely used adjunct anesthetic due to its analgesic and hypnotic properties during spine surgeries. Ketamine has shown significant opioid-sparing and analgesic benefits when used in patients undergoing spine surgery.

Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM), including motor evoked potentials (MEP), are increasingly used during spinal surgeries to help identify potentially reversible injury to neural structures.

The literature is full of conflicting and poor quality data regarding the effect of adding ketamine to an anesthetic and the effects on MEPs. Therefore, the investigators' goal is to help characterize the effects of this commonly used medication on a critical safety monitor for procedures involving the spinal cord.

The summation of excitation of spinal ventral horn neurons is thought to contribute to the myogenic response during transcranial motor evoked potentials. Because ketamine can inhibit N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated glutaminergic activity, it has the potential to inhibit this summation process and interfere with IONM. Despite this theoretical potential to interfere with IONM, ketamine is widely and successfully used during spinal surgeries. There are conflicting reports about the use of higher doses during surgery.

Prior studies have shown that moderate doses of ketamine have little to no effect on MEPs, and so for years the received wisdom was that ketamine is a benign agent, and is safe to using during spinal procedures utilizing IONM. However, following up on a case report, a group reported that even higher doses of ketamine may be able to dose dependently suppress MEPs. It is difficult to explain the differences between these reports, and it may be partially attributable to differences in neuromonitoring techniques/practices. These results are also interesting, because there is some suggestions in the community that it could be beneficial to run substantially higher doses of ketamine intraoperatively, using it not just as an opioid sparing adjunct, but more as a substantial contributor to the overall anesthestic state. The logic has been that ketamine, as opposed to propofol (the current foundation of an anesthetic compatible with IONM) has benign effects on MEPs and can reduce postoperative pain. However, if higher doses of ketamine can suppress MEPs, this change in anesthetic technique may not be warranted.

Protocol:

Main Visit: Patients will receive general anesthesia in the usual fashion for the indicated procedures. This anesthetic will be standardized between patients. The patients will also have the necessary equipment for neuromonitoring placed. This equipment is placed identically for patients who are or are not in our study, and the investigators will not add any additional monitors. All patients participating in the study will have neuromonitoring as part of their spine surgery as standard care. Baseline motor-evoked potential data will then be collected. This baseline data is also standard practice and not a study-specific procedure. After the baseline data is collected patients will then be administered a bolus of ketamine 0.1mg/kg followed by an infusion of 3mcg/kg/min to maintain steady-state plasma levels. After 5 min to allow equilibration, a new set of baseline MEP data will be acquired. This process takes approximately 5 minutes. The investigators will also collect a blood specimen at this time to measure the ketamine plasma level. The investigators will then administer an additional bolus of 0.3 mg/kg of ketamine and increase the infusion to 15 mcg/kg/min to maintain steady-state plasma levels. The investigators will repeat the acquisition of baseline MEP data and a blood sample. Finally, the investigators will administer an additional bolus of 0.85 mg/kg of ketamine and increase the infusion to 50 mcg/kg/min to maintain steady-state plasma levels. The investigators will repeat the acquisition of baseline MEP data and a blood sample. Thereafter, the surgery will commence following usual anesthetic care at the discretion of the anesthesiologist. This dosing scheme is designed to mimic the steady-state plasma concentrations that would result from administering an infusion of 3mcg/kg/min, 15mcg/kg/min, and 50mcg/kg/min for prolonged periods of time. A commercial application for predicting plasma concentrations was used to calculate these doses.

General Demographic Data: Data including age, sex, race, and preoperative comorbid conditions will be collected. These data will be obtained by review of the patient's medical record.

Ketamine Plasma Levels: Blood samples will be collected by research personnel after each dose increase of ketamine and at the time the MEP data is obtained.

Patients will serve as their own control and baseline measurements will be made before the administration of study drug. After baseline measurements, increasing doses of the study drug will be administered and effects measured.

Effect of Ketamine on Intraoperative Motor Evoked Potentials

The investigators will not plan to share IPD with other researchers

MEP helps to monitor the integrity and function of the spinal cord and alert the surgeon of any potential injury during the spine surgery. MEP amplitude will be measured at each of 3 ketamine doses and compared to baseline. The measurements will be at each dose change of ketamine approximately 10, 20 and 30 minutes after the start of the ketamine infusions.

Ketamine Plasma levels will be measured at each of 3 ketamine doses.

University of California, San Francisco

This study completed the manual labeling of preoperative multi-modal images of cervical spine structures and tumor lesions. On the normal cervical spine, six target areas were labeled: cervical spinal cord (MRI), cervical spine alignment (MRI), cervical intervertebral discs ( MRI), cervical spinal canal area (MRI), cervical cobb angle (X-ray) and cervical posterior longitudinal ligament ossification (CT). For cervical tumor lesions, complete MR and CT as well as orthopedic, axial and coronal positions. The label on the lateral X-ray image.

hanqiang ouyang

Cervical spine tumor is a small sample of tumor disease with low incidence, great harm, and complex anatomical structure. It is very difficult to identify and classify benign and malignant cervical spine tumors clinically.

The deep learning model we constructed in the early stage has a higher accuracy rate for the image diagnosis of cervical spondylosis with a large number of cases, and a better clinical application effect, but the accuracy rate for cervical spine tumors with a small number of cases is lower. The reason may be the amount of data. With limited tasks, the traditional deep learning model is difficult to play an effective role.

Based on this, we propose to build a small sample-oriented deep learning model to assist clinicians in the diagnosis of cervical spine tumors with multimodal images, and to evaluate the benign and malignant tumors.

Cervical spine tumor is a small-sample tumor disease with low incidence, great harm, and complex anatomical structure. It is very difficult to identify and classify benign and malignant cervical spine tumors clinically. The deep learning model we constructed in the early stage is suitable for the large number of cases. The imaging diagnosis of cervical spondylosis has a high accuracy rate and a good clinical application effect, but the accuracy rate is low for cervical spine tumors with a small number of cases. The reason may be that for tasks with limited amount of data, the traditional deep learning model is difficult to play an effective role. Based on this, we propose to construct a small sample-oriented deep learning model to assist clinicians in the diagnosis of cervical spine tumors in multi-modal imaging, and to evaluate the benign and malignant tumors. This research will not only improve the efficiency and efficiency of cervical spine tumor imaging diagnosis. Accuracy, to guide clinical personalized treatment, will also provide a basis for the clinical application of deep learning in the field of small samples, which has important clinical significance.

Multimodal Imaging-assisted Diagnosis Model for Cervical Spine Tumors

Based on a Small Sample Deep Learning Multi-modal Image-assisted Diagnosis Model of Cervical Spine Tumors Clinical Application Research

On the basis of the cervical spine structure, it is the modeling of the tumor. The model based on weakly supervised learning recognizes the morphological features such as the size of the tumor lesion, and uses the fast-adapted meta-learning method to achieve a fast model under a small amount of training. Optimize, and finally evaluate the benignity, borderline and malignant probability of the tumor and use it as an output.

Taking the postoperative pathology report of cancer patients as the audit standard, testing the sensitivity and accuracy of the model, and integrating it into a complete deep learning model.

Diseases and Abnormalities at or Before Birth

Wounds and Injuries

Congenital Abnormalities

Fractures, Bone

Spinal Fractures

Spinal Injuries

Back Injuries

Hanqiang Ouyang

Yuanyu Hu

Weishi Li

Unplanned re-operation is one of the common negative indicators reflecting the quality and safety of surgery in the medical industry and has become one of the ten goals for the improvement of national medical quality and safety in China since 2022, while about 40% of unplanned re-operations in Peking University Third Hospital in recent years occur in spine patients of the orthopedics department. This project intends to establish a high-quality and sustainable ambispective disease cohort for spine surgery in Peking University Third Hospital based on the unplanned re-operations that occurred in the Orthopedics Department of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2012 to December 2025. The investigators further summarize and analyze clinical causes and risk factors of re-operations, aiming to explore scientific coping strategies and provide reference for continuous improvement of medical service quality.

Unplanned re-operation is one of the common negative indicators reflecting the quality and safety of surgery in the medical industry. Possible reasons for a patient's return to the operating room include problems with surgical technique, anesthesia procedures, or infection control. Reducing the rate of unplanned re-operation has become one of the ten goals for the improvement of national medical quality and safety in China since 2022, and has been paid more and more attention by the National Health Commission and hospital managers.

About 40% of the unplanned re-operations in Peking University Third Hospital in recent years occur in spine patients of the orthopedics department, thus lowering the rate of spine unplanned re-operations is of great significance to improve the overall medical quality and safety. Driven by the common needs and joint force of "nation-hospital-department", this project intends to establish a high-quality and sustainable ambispective disease cohort for spine surgery in Peking University Third Hospital based on unplanned re-operations that occurred in the Orthopedics Department of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2012 to December 2025. The investigators further summarize and analyze clinical causes and risk factors of re-operations, aiming to explore scientific coping strategies and provide reference for continuous improvement of medical service quality. Furthermore, the investigators intend to construct multiple risk prediction models for spine unplanned re-operation and special disease cohorts. This project will form a synergy in the three aspects of "clinical, scientific research, and management", lower the unplanned re-operation rate of orthopedic spinal surgery, improve medical quality and safety management in Peking University Third Hospital, and promote the in-depth exploration and vigorous development of spine discipline in the scientific fields of perioperative safety and risk assessment.

Reasons and Risk Factors for Unplanned Spinal Re-operation

Construction of an Ambispective Cohort for Unplanned Spinal Re-operation

We calculate the unplanned re-operation incidences in total and that of specialized spinal diseases.

We summarize reasons of spine unplanned re-operation in total and that of specialized spinal diseases.

We figure out risk factors of spine unplanned re-operation and that of specialized spinal diseases by comparing conditions between patients underwent unplanned re-operation or not.

Study title	NCT ID	Conditions	Interventions	Eligibility	Organization
Predictors of Mortality and Morbidity in the Surgical Management of Primary Tumors of the Spine	NCT01643174	Spine Tumor		18 Years -	AO Foundation, AO Spine
Natural History of and Specimen Banking for People With Tumors of the Central Nervous System	NCT02851706	Brain Cancer Brain Tumor Spine Cancer Spine Tumor Neoplasm	No Treatment	18 Years -	National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Comparison of the Effects of Vecuronium and Cisatracurium on Electrophysiologic Monitoring During Neurosurgery	NCT01690364	Motor Evoked Po... General Anesthe... Neurosurgery Brain Tumor Spine Tumor Cerebral Aneury...	MEP monitoring ... MEP monitoring ...	20 Years - 75 Years	Samsung Medical Center
The Value of Preoperative Diagnosis and Prognostic Prediction Based on Radiomics of Giant Cell Tumor of Spine	NCT04952818	Spinal Tumor	RANK/RANKL(RANK...	1 Year - 100 Years	Peking University Third Hospital
Effect of Ketamine on Intraoperative Motor Evoked Potentials	NCT06140927	Spine Fusion Spine Tumor Spinal Stenosis	Ketamine	18 Years - 100 Years	University of California, San Francisco
Multimodal Imaging-assisted Diagnosis Model for Cervical Spine Tumors	NCT04959656	Spine Tumor		18 Years - 50 Years	Peking University Third Hospital
Natural History of and Specimen Banking for People With Tumors of the Central Nervous System	NCT02851706	Brain Cancer Brain Tumor Spine Cancer Spine Tumor Neoplasm	No Treatment	18 Years -	National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Reasons and Risk Factors for Unplanned Spinal Re-operation	NCT05995327	Degeneration Sp... Spine Deformity Spine Tumor Spine Fracture		18 Years - 80 Years	Peking University Third Hospital

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for spine tumor

Every month we try and update this database with for spine tumor cancer trials from around the world to help patients and their families find trials that might be right for them.
We offer this 100% free of charge and do not endorse any of the trials listed here, we hope it helps you or a loved one.

Spots Global Cancer Trial Database for spine tumor

Every month we try and update this database with for spine tumor cancer trials from around the world to help patients and their families find trials that might be right for them. We offer this 100% free of charge and do not endorse any of the trials listed here, we hope it helps you or a loved one.

Every month we try and update this database with for spine tumor cancer trials from around the world to help patients and their families find trials that might be right for them.
We offer this 100% free of charge and do not endorse any of the trials listed here, we hope it helps you or a loved one.